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has best practice: Practice guidelines are diverse and vary according to the scientific field. Rather than rules, professional bodies provide guidelines or recommendations and most guidelines leave some room for interpretation. ===='''Medicine'''==== The best-known authorship guideline comes from the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors. The ICMJE recommends that an author should meet all four of the following criteria: '"`UNIQ--ref-0000016F-QINU`"'‘‘Substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work; or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data for the work,’’'"`UNIQ--ref-00000170-QINU`"'’’Drafting the work or revising it critically for important intellectual content,’’ '"`UNIQ--ref-00000171-QINU`"' ‘‘Final approval of the version to be published,’’ and '"`UNIQ--ref-00000172-QINU`"'‘‘Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved’’. The committee further designates that in addition to excluding a scholar who has not met all four criteria, any scholar who meets all four should be included as an author. Following the authorship criteria, the ICMJE expressly describes contributions that should be included as an acknowledgment, and not authorship (i.e., funding, supervision, writing assistance, technical or language editing, proofreading). '"`UNIQ--ref-00000173-QINU`"' ===='''Science'''==== The Council of Science Editors describes authors as “individuals identified by the research group to have made substantial contributions to the reported work and agree to be accountable for these contributions. In addition to being accountable for the parts of the work he or she has done, an author should be able to identify which of their co-authors are responsible for specific other parts of the work. In addition, an author should have confidence in the integrity of the contributions of their co-authors. All authors shoul…
has good practice and misconduct: Authorship
has good practice and misconduct: inappropriate autorship
has good practice and misconduct: Plagiarism
has virtue and value: Honesty
has virtue and value: Accountability
has virtue and value: Respect
important because: A successful career for researchers is often equivalent to the production and acceptance of peer-reviewed manuscripts. In fact, the number of publications a researcher has is commonly used as a parameter for career progression or funding acquisition. Authorship matters because the entire research and publication process relies on trust. Authorship conveys significant privileges, responsibilities, and legal rights, and it is fair that only those who have actively participated in the work should benefit from the positive aspects of being an author and being accountable for all aspects of the research. Although the general guidelines on authorship are common sense, the pressure to be a productive scholar and problems resulting from different interpretations of the general guidelines have encouraged a number of questionable research practices. These include honorary authorship, gift authorship, prestige authorship, plagiarism, self-plagiarism, citation amnesia, multiple submissions and duplicate publication.
important for: PhD students
important for: Scientists
important for: Principal investigators
important for: Researchers
important for: Postdocs
important for: Junior researchers
important for: Senior researchers
important for: Professors
is about: A well known criteria of authorship states that an author must have contributed substantially to a work’s: conception or design; data acquisition, analysis or interpretation; intellectual content development or critical review; final version approval; and integrity, ensuring that issues related to the accuracy or completeness of any part of the work are properly investigated and resolved.'"`UNIQ--ref-0000016D-QINU`"' '"`UNIQ--references-0000016E-QINU`"'
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related to object: Seven Ways to Plagiarize: Handling Real Allegations of Research Misconduct
related to object: Case#2: The Unauthorized Translation
related to resource: Seven Ways to Plagiarize: Handling Real Allegations of Research Misconduct
related to resource: Case#2: The Unauthorized Translation
theme type: Good Practices
title: Authorship criteria
wiki page creation date: 2019-12-06T16:05:11Z
creation date#aux: 2458824.1702662
display title of: Authorship criteria
last editor is: User:Anna Catharina.Armond
wiki page modification date: 2021-03-25T16:49:16Z
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page author: User:Anna Catharina.Armond

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A Medical Ghostwriter’s Personal View
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Authorship Deserved, Not Earned: Research Ethics and Research Integrity Scenario
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Authorship and Intellectual Property
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Case Study Videos
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Co-Authorship Conflicts
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Collaborative Working Between Academia and Industry: An Educational Scenario by the EnTIRE project
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Committee on Publication Ethics Guidelines on How to Handle Authorship Disputes
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Dispute Over Primary Authorship
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Framework to Enhance Research Integrity in Research Collaborations
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Guest Authorship, Mortality Reporting, and Integrity in Rofecoxib Studies
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Integrity in scientific research videos
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Introduction to Research Integrity and Good Scientific Practices
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Mistaken Claim of Authorship
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Multiple submission
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ORI Infographics
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Publication, Dissemination and Research Integrity: An Educational Scenario by the EnTIRE project
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Research Integrity: Podcast Series
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Responsible conduct of biomedical research : collaborative research
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Rights of Citizen Scientists
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Scientific Research: Dilemmas and Temptations (booklet of cases)
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Swiss Academies of Arts and Sciences' Guideline on Authorship in Scientific Publications
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Swiss Academy of Arts and Sciences Code of Conduct for Scientific Integrity r
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Ten short cases on publication ethics
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The Lab: Avoiding Research Misconduct
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Not asking permission from contributors for the wording of the acknowledgement
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Consent for publication (Author)
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Honorary or gift authorship
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Not acknowledging contributors who do not qualify for authorship
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