View source for Instruction:5474066b-8e1a-40ec-b6e0-c4ca138309c7

{{Instruction
|Title=Image Manipulation Detection - Exercises
|Instruction Goal=After completing this section of the course you will: 

* Have learned more about the various types and spread of Image Manipulation in research. 
* Have learned why it is considered a serious research misconduct.
* Have practiced spotting some examples of Image Manipulation for yourself.
|Has Duration=1
|Important For=Academic institutions; Laboratory researchers; PhD Students; Research Ethics Committees
|Has Method=eLearning
}}
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{{Instruction Steps Foldout Trainee}}
{{Instruction Perspective Trainee
|Is About=<span lang="EN-GB">Image alteration with the intent of distorting scientific experiment results is considered a serious research misconduct (Parrish et Noonan, 2009). These manipulations encompass various techniques, such as cropping, colour adjustment, selective enhancement, and duplication, among other techniques (Rossner et Yamada, 2004).</span>
 
'''References'''

*<span lang="EN-GB">Parrish D, Noonan B. Image     manipulation as research misconduct. Sci Eng Ethics. 2009 Jun;15(2):161-7.     doi: 10.1007/s11948-008-9108-z. Epub 2009 Jan 6. PMID: 19125357.</span>
*<span lang="EN-GB">Rossner M, Yamada KM. What's in     a picture? The temptation of image manipulation. J Cell Biol. 2004 Jul     5;166(1):11-5. doi: 10.1083/jcb.200406019. PMID: 15240566; PMCID:     PMC2172141.</span>
|Important Because=The extent of image manipulation in science is greater than previously perceived, with approximately 4% of the published papers containing some form of image duplication (Bik et al, 2016). This highlights a need for comprehensive training of editors and scientists on recognizing image manipulations.


'''References'''

Bik EM, Casadevall A, Fang FC. The Prevalence of Inappropriate Image Duplication in Biomedical Research Publications. mBio. 2016 Jun 7;7(3):e00809-16. doi: 10.1128/mBio.00809-16. PMID: 27273827; PMCID: PMC4941872.
}}
{{Instruction Step Trainee
|Instruction Step Title=Image Manipulation - Exercise 1
|Instruction Step Text=<span lang="HR">Each image contains at least one inappropriate image duplication. Your task is to find the duplications and click on the overlapping areas.</span>
|Instruction Step Interactive Content=Resource:H5P-7
}}
{{Instruction Step Trainee
|Instruction Step Title=Image Manipulation - Exercise 2
|Instruction Step Text=<span lang="HR">Each image contains at least one inappropriate image duplication. Your task is to find the duplications and click on the overlapping areas.</span>
|Instruction Step Interactive Content=Resource:H5P-8
}}
{{Instruction Step Trainee
|Instruction Step Title=Image Manipulation - Exercise 3
|Instruction Step Text=<span lang="HR">Each image contains at least one inappropriate image duplication. Your task is to find the duplications and click on the overlapping areas.</span>
|Instruction Step Interactive Content=Resource:H5P-10
}}
{{Instruction Step Trainee
|Instruction Step Title=Image Manipulation - Exercise 4
|Instruction Step Text=<span lang="HR">Each image contains at least one inappropriate image duplication. Your task is to find the duplications and click on the overlapping areas.</span>
|Instruction Step Interactive Content=Resource:H5P-12
}}
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{{Instruction Steps Foldout Trainer}}
{{Instruction Perspective Trainer}}
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{{Related To
|Related To Resource=Resource:E1d93a85-b49f-403e-82cb-9c669e783b50
|Related To Theme=Theme:20f32f16-72a1-46f0-b9a6-24fac05b0937; Theme:B67f6cdd-a11f-4599-8154-f734d3785c36
}}
{{Tags
|Has Good Practice And Misconduct=Image Manipulation
}}