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{{Resource
|Resource Type=Cases
|Title=Suspected image manipulation involving four journals
|Is About=Editorial office staff at journal A noticed possible image manipulation in two figures of a new paper submitted by author X. These suspected manipulations involved images of gels which appeared to contain multiple duplicated bands. This prompted editorial staff to look at the submission history of author X to journal A in more detail.

It was found that author X had previously submitted to journal A numerous times. All previous submissions had been rejected for reasons unrelated to the concerns raised here but one paper had been accepted for publication. Unfortunately, this author X paper which journal A had published appeared to contain possible band duplications in two gel images, as did an earlier submission which had been rejected at the start of 2015. As at least three papers received by journal A from author X has suspected image problems, authors X’s recent publication history was examined.

Similar possible gel issues along with a suspected image duplication relating to a photo of bacterial colonies were identified in three papers published in three different journals (journals B, C and D). Two members of editorial staff along with the editor-in-chief of journal A have considered all of the suspected issues and feel confident they are legitimate. As it currently stands, journal A has rejected the most recent submission from author X on the grounds of possible gel issues identified. However, the suspected issues identified in the four published papers in journals A, B, C and D were not mentioned in the rejection letter to allow time for an appropriate course of action to be decided.

As the paper was only recently (12 August) rejected by journal A, it has yet to hear back from author X, if indeed it does at all.

Journal A feels that it is important that journals B, C and D are made aware of the issues in the papers they have published. However, they also feel that it is important that they are made aware of all of the papers involved so they can appreciate the full picture as this may determine how they choose to handle the issues in their own respective journals.
|Important For=Journal editors
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{{Link
|Has Link=https://publicationethics.org/case/suspected-image-manipulation-involving-four-journals
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{{Related To
|Related To Theme=Theme:Bc0cb5c2-ac78-4c7a-b83d-b1e6033f16c6;Theme:20f32f16-72a1-46f0-b9a6-24fac05b0937
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{{Tags
|Has Timepoint=2015
}}