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Selective citation + (Being selective in using previously publis … Being selective in using previously published work results in biased and/or incomplete analyses and conclusions. This endangers the integrity of claims, and harms society’s trust in research because it creates unfounded authority. '"`UNIQ--ref-00000313-QINU`"' Selective citations affect authors of previously published work, whether they are cited or not. It also affects readers of research hoping that it is accurate and unbiased. Other parties that might be impacted by selective citations are researchers conducting meta-analyses that synthesize a body of published work, decision making agencies that rely on accurate research results, as well as regulatory/oversight bodies of the research landscape.'"`UNIQ--references-00000314-QINU`"'cape. '"`UNIQ--references-00000314-QINU`"')
The German University Association's Recommendations on Academic Publication Behaviour + (Besides ethical principles, it is important that researchers be aware of national laws such as those of copyright. This influences authorship especially in the case of joint authorship.)
Quality Enhancement Handbook for Icelandic Higher Education + (Besides explaining the principles of quali … Besides explaining the principles of quality enhancements, this guideline also deals with evaluations and reviews at different levels: institutional, discipline-wide and national. It also details the procedures to deal with complaints, investigations and appeals.th complaints, investigations and appeals.)
Quality Enhancement Handbook for Icelandic Higher Education + (Besides explaining the principles of quali … Besides explaining the principles of quality enhancements, this guideline also deals with evaluations and reviews at different levels: institutional, discipline-wide and national. It also details the procedures to deal with complaints, investigations and appeals.th complaints, investigations and appeals.)
Manchester University's Code of Good Research Conduct + (Besides national research integrity guidel … Besides national research integrity guidelines, University-level guidelines are also crucial in ensuring good research practices. To help staff and students adhere to these practices, this guideline enumerates the principles of good research and what constitutes research misconduct. and what constitutes research misconduct.)
University of Oslo's Policy on Fraudulent Documents + (Besides referring to the relevant national legislation, this guideline describes what constitutes a fraudulent document, and the policy for investigation.)
Austrain Best Practice Guide for Research Integrity and Ethics (2020) + (Best Practice Guide for Research Integrity … Best Practice Guide for Research Integrity and Ethics' is important because it ensures credibility and trust in research by providing both preventive and corrective guidance. It prevents misconduct by educating researchers on standards, and offers frameworks for addressing violations fairly. In today’s interconnected research environment, having shared ethical codes strengthens international collaboration and consistency. For governments, institutions, and the public, this document demonstrates commitment to transparency, fairness, and societal responsibility. It is not just a guideline but a foundation for safeguarding the reliability of research outcomes.ding the reliability of research outcomes.)
Best Practice Guide for Research Integrity and Ethics (2020), Research Integrity / Research Ethics Working Group of BMBWF + (Best Practice Guide for Research Integrity … Best Practice Guide for Research Integrity and Ethics distils national expectations for research integrity in Austria and clarifies what researchers and institutions in Austria need to do to comply. It reduces ambiguity, aligns local practice with international norms, and offers actionable steps that improve transparency, reproducibility, and equitable access. For policy leads, it is a benchmark; for authors and administrators, it is a practical checklist. Published by Research Integrity / Research Ethics Working Group of BMBWF in 2020, it is a credible reference to cite in institutional policies, training, and grant documentation.licies, training, and grant documentation.)
Reviewing the Ethics of Biobanking + (Biobanking refers to collecting and storin … Biobanking refers to collecting and storing biological materials and their associated data. As biobanking practices continue to evolve, it is essential to address the changing nature of ethical considerations associated with the collection, use, and sharing of these valuable resources., and sharing of these valuable resources.)
The European Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine (ECHRBmed) + (Bioethics and law are two matters very muc … Bioethics and law are two matters very much controversial between states since they are related to the core beliefs of each state. Therefore, the ECHRBmed serves as a unifying point, providing basic and general principles. The European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology endorses the ECHRBmed in their Code of Ethics.rses the ECHRBmed in their Code of Ethics.)
Poor mentoring or supervision of early career researcherers + (Both the mentors and the mentees need to b … Both the mentors and the mentees need to be aware of what is expected in their collaboration and professional relationship. Research performing institutions should ensure that they devote more attention to training of both the mentees and mentors about what mentoring means and how to build it for successful outcome of research mentoring. successful outcome of research mentoring.)
Araştırma doğruluğu konusuna giriş + (Bu online modül, eğitimde kullanılan kavramlara ilişkin temel açıklamalar sunmakta ve bu yolla, eğitim alan kişilerin eğitime ortak bir terminoloji ve bilgi birikimi ile başlamasını sağlamaktadır.)
Good Practice and Reporting Cases in Switzerland + (By making its annual report publicly avail … By making its annual report publicly available, the SNSF Commission on Scientific Integrity and the Plagiarism Control Group demonstrates the transparency of their reporting processes and investigation procedures, as well as their commitment to accountability in matters involving plagiarism and complaints regarding scientific misconduct.omplaints regarding scientific misconduct.)
Good Practice and Reporting Cases in Austria + (By making its annual report publicly avail … By making its annual report publicly available, the Commission demonstrates the transparency of its reporting processes and its commitment to accountability in matters involving public inquiries, complaints and investigations. Moreover, it provides the public the opportunity to see the ways in which the Commission responds to queries and manages its investigations.to queries and manages its investigations.)
Good Practice and Reporting Cases in Finland + (By making its annual report publicly avail … By making its annual report publicly available, the Board demonstrates the transparency of its reporting processes and investigation procedures as well as its commitment to accountability in matters involving allegations, investigations and requests for statements. Moreover, it provides the public the opportunity to see the ways in which the Board responds to statement requests and manages its investigations.t requests and manages its investigations.)
Conflicts of interest in the review of grant proposals + (By not declaring COIs, reviewers undermine … By not declaring COIs, reviewers undermine the transparancy and honesty of the application process. The role of reviewers and the process of reviewing grant applications differs greatly among RFOs. However, many RFOs stipulate the role of reviewers for internal (staff) members, invited external reviewers and appointed committee members. In all instances having a COI when reviewing a grant proposal needs to be declaredwing a grant proposal needs to be declared)
Annual review of ethics (case studies) + (By providing a focus for discussion, cases … By providing a focus for discussion, cases help staff involved in research to define or refine their own standards, to appreciate alternative approaches to identifying and resolving ethical problems, and to develop skills for dealing with hard problems on their own'"`UNIQ--ref-00000027-QINU`"'.on their own'"`UNIQ--ref-00000027-QINU`"'.)
Nine pitfalls of research misconduct + (By recognizing these pitfalls and responding appropriately can save a career and strengthen science.)
CODE OF ETHICS FOR RESEARCH WORKERS (2017) + (CODE OF ETHICS FOR RESEARCH WORKERS distil … CODE OF ETHICS FOR RESEARCH WORKERS distils national expectations for research integrity in Poland and clarifies what researchers and institutions in nan need to do to comply. It reduces ambiguity, aligns local practice with international norms, and offers actionable steps that improve transparency, reproducibility, and equitable access. For policy leads, it is a benchmark; for authors and administrators, it is a practical checklist. Published by nan in 2017, it is a credible reference to cite in institutional policies, training, and grant documentation.licies, training, and grant documentation.)
CODE OF ETHICS FOR SCIENTISTS (2017) + (CODE OF ETHICS FOR SCIENTISTS distils nati … CODE OF ETHICS FOR SCIENTISTS distils national expectations for research integrity in Latvia and clarifies what researchers and institutions in Latvia need to do to comply. It reduces ambiguity, aligns local practice with international norms, and offers actionable steps that improve transparency, reproducibility, and equitable access. For policy leads, it is a benchmark; for authors and administrators, it is a practical checklist. Published by nan in 2017, it is a credible reference to cite in institutional policies, training, and grant documentation.licies, training, and grant documentation.)
CODE OF ETHICS OF THE CROATIAN SCIENCE FOUNDATION (2018), Croatian Science Foundation + (CODE OF ETHICS OF THE CROATIAN SCIENCE FOU … CODE OF ETHICS OF THE CROATIAN SCIENCE FOUNDATION distils national expectations for research integrity in Croatia and clarifies what researchers and institutions in Croatia need to do to comply. It reduces ambiguity, aligns local practice with international norms, and offers actionable steps that improve transparency, reproducibility, and equitable access. For policy leads, it is a benchmark; for authors and administrators, it is a practical checklist. Published by Croatian Science Foundation in 2018, it is a credible reference to cite in institutional policies, training, and grant documentation.licies, training, and grant documentation.)
Conflict of interest: a research integrity and research ethics perspective + (COI is a core concept in research integrit … COI is a core concept in research integrity. It can even be argued that most research integrity issues are in some way related to underlying COIs, especially if integrity is understood to refer to doing what is right even if confronted by countervailing incentives.[2] Authorship conflicts, for example, often occur because researchers have a strong secondary interest to be listed as authors on as many papers as possible to advance their career, even if they have not contributed to a paper (or if their contribution does not constitute authorship). Usually, discussions on COIs in the research integrity literature focus on the narrower aspect of how COIs can bias research results and thus decrease the reliability of research results, however. In line with most of the relevant literature, this theme page adopts a narrow perspective on COIs. In addition to their potential effects on research integrity, COIs have an important research ethics dimension as well, especially in biomedical research.[3] An example is the specific role of medical doctors in clinical research: According to the International Code of Medical Ethics, they are obliged to “be dedicated to providing competent medical service in full professional and moral independence, with compassion and respect for human dignity”.[4] However, if they act as researchers in clinical research, they are confronted with two potentially conflicting interests: a duty to care (primary duty) and the responsibility to generate new knowledge (which in this case is a secondary interest that can under certain circumstances conflict with the duty to care).[5] Therefore, it is crucial to understand what COIs are, how they affect research integrity and research ethics, and what the research community as well as individual researchers can do to minimize their potential detrimental effects. as well as individual researchers can do to minimize their potential detrimental effects.)
An issue with insufficient data in the survey-resulting in a non-representative sample + (Careful research planning helps to eliminate potential problems and increases the validity of the findings.)
The RESPECT Code of Practice for Socioeconomic Research + (Carrying out socio-economic research in a … Carrying out socio-economic research in a professional and ethical manner involves balancing a number of different principles which often lie in tension with each other. This code is based on a recognition that it is the responsibility of individual researchers to make the often difficult professional decisions that establish this balance, and that it is the responsibility of their employers, professional associations and research funders to support them in making these decisions.to support them in making these decisions.)
BEYOND research ethics and integrity: cases for training young and/or early career researchers + (Case-based methodologies in teaching have … Case-based methodologies in teaching have a long history with the disciplines of law, business and medicine being first to employ real-life cases in university-level teaching. In ethics teaching these methods were first developed in the 1980s within the context of business ethics. Today, as case-based methodologies (descriptions of cases sometimes complemented by a set of solutions) have proven to be more effective compared to other approaches for teaching ethics1, they have widely been used in different settings2. In the context of research ethics and integrity, well-known examples of the training materials employing this method are the Rotterdam dilemma game[[Theme:B96ef996-e262-4c0c-a62c-1ea1ef034f36|3]] and Virtue training materials[[Instruction:A0dd2e82-52e7-4030-a396-54525630e75c|4]].# Todd, E. M. et al. (2017, July 4). Effective Practices in the Delivery of Research Ethics Education: A Qualitative Review of Instructional Methods. ''Accountability in Research,'' ''24''(5), 297–321. https://doi.org/10.1080/08989621.2017.1301210# Baldor, R. A., Field, T. S., and Gurwitz, J. H. (2001). Using the 'Question of Scruples' Game to Teach Managed Care Ethics to Students. ''Academic Medicine, 76(''5), 510–511. https://doi.org/10.1097/00001888-200105000-00040; Bekir, N. et al. (2001). Teaching Engineering Ethics: A New Approach. In ''31st Annual Frontiers in Education Conference. Impact on Engineering and Science Education. Conference Proceedings,'' 1. https://doi.org/10.1109/FIE.2001.963895; Cohen, H. (1993). The Citicorp Interactive Work Ethic Game: Sociological Practice Use in the Classroom. ''Clinical Sociology Review,'' ''11''(1). '"`UNIQ--nowiki-0000003C-QINU`"'; Dahlin, J.-E. (n.d.). ''A Board Game for Teaching Sustainable Development.'' https://www.jonerikdahlin.com/dilemma/; Nelson, J. (1992). The Market Ethic: Moral Dilemmas and Microeconomics. ''Journal of Business Ethics,'' ''11''(4), 317–320. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00872174# Erasmus University Rotterdam. (n.d.). ''Dilemma game: Professionalism and integrity in research''. https://www.eur.nl/en/about-eur/policy-and-regulations/integrity/research-integrity/dilemma-game# The Embassy of Good Science. (n.d.). ''Modified Dilemma Game (Instruction: A0dd2e82-52e7-4030-a396-54525630e75c)''. [[Instruction:A0dd2e82-52e7-4030-a396-54525630e75c|https://embassy.science/wiki/Instruction:A0dd2e82-52e7-4030-a396-54525630e75c]]ruction:A0dd2e82-52e7-4030-a396-54525630e75c|https://embassy.science/wiki/Instruction:A0dd2e82-52e7-4030-a396-54525630e75c]])

Case-based ethics instruction: the influence of contextual and individual factors in case content on ethical decision-making + (Cases can help making research ethics training more efficient.)

Bioethicists Call for Investigation Into Nutritional Experiments on Aboriginal People + (Cases like these are unethical and should be prevented and/or investigated for misconduct.)
Lebanonian Charter of ethics and guiding principles of scientific research 2016 + (Charter of ethics and guiding principles o … Charter of ethics and guiding principles of scientific research in Lebanon' is important because it ensures credibility and trust in research by providing both preventive and corrective guidance. It prevents misconduct by educating researchers on standards, and offers frameworks for addressing violations fairly. In today’s interconnected research environment, having shared ethical codes strengthens international collaboration and consistency. For governments, institutions, and the public, this document demonstrates commitment to transparency, fairness, and societal responsibility. It is not just a guideline but a foundation for safeguarding the reliability of research outcomes.ding the reliability of research outcomes.)
Charter of ethics and guiding principles of scientific research in Lebanon (2016), Mouin Hamzé, Nayef Saade, Fawaz Fawaz + (Charter of ethics and guiding principles o … Charter of ethics and guiding principles of scientific research in Lebanon distils national expectations for research integrity in Lebanon and clarifies what researchers and institutions in Lebanon need to do to comply. It reduces ambiguity, aligns local practice with international norms, and offers actionable steps that improve transparency, reproducibility, and equitable access. For policy leads, it is a benchmark; for authors and administrators, it is a practical checklist. Published by Mouin Hamzé, Nayef Saade, Fawaz Fawaz in 2016, it is a credible reference to cite in institutional policies, training, and grant documentation.licies, training, and grant documentation.)
Initiative for Open Citations (I4OC) + (Citations are indispensable part of schola … Citations are indispensable part of scholarly publications because they direct readers to sources, acknowledge other works in bibliographic references, help researchers avoid misconduct such as plagiarism, and enable the evaluation of publications.'"`UNIQ--ref-0000022F-QINU`"''"`UNIQ--ref-00000230-QINU`"' Usually citation data are not freely accessible or machine-readable, which makes them unavailable to a great number of independent scholars.'"`UNIQ--ref-00000231-QINU`"''"`UNIQ--ref-00000232-QINU`"' To enhance their use, they should be available to everyone. They should also be structured (expressed in a machine-readable format), separable (available without the need to go to the source, such as articles or books), and open (freely accessible and reusable without restrictions).'"`UNIQ--ref-00000233-QINU`"''"`UNIQ--ref-00000234-QINU`"' Achieving this aim would be beneficial to independent researchers, publishers, funding agencies, academic institutions and the public in general.'"`UNIQ--ref-00000235-QINU`"''"`UNIQ--references-00000236-QINU`"'NU`"' '"`UNIQ--references-00000236-QINU`"')
Code of Conduct for Research Integrity (2020), the Royal Irish Academy + (Code of Conduct for Research Integrity dis … Code of Conduct for Research Integrity distils national expectations for research integrity in Ireland and clarifies what researchers and institutions in Ireland (but also researchers funded by Royal Irish Academy) need to do to comply. It reduces ambiguity, aligns local practice with international norms, and offers actionable steps that improve transparency, reproducibility, and equitable access. For policy leads, it is a benchmark; for authors and administrators, it is a practical checklist. Published by The Royal Irish Academy in 2020, it is a credible reference to cite in institutional policies, training, and grant documentation.licies, training, and grant documentation.)
Ireland Code of Conduct for Research Integrity (2020) + (Code of Conduct for Research Integrity' is … Code of Conduct for Research Integrity' is important because it ensures credibility and trust in research by providing both preventive and corrective guidance. It prevents misconduct by educating researchers on standards, and offers frameworks for addressing violations fairly. In today’s interconnected research environment, having shared ethical codes strengthens international collaboration and consistency. For governments, institutions, and the public, this document demonstrates commitment to transparency, fairness, and societal responsibility. It is not just a guideline but a foundation for safeguarding the reliability of research outcomes.ding the reliability of research outcomes.)
Chinese Code of Conduct for Responsible Research, 2023 + (Code of Conduct for Responsible Research' … Code of Conduct for Responsible Research' is important because it ensures credibility and trust in research by providing both preventive and corrective guidance. It prevents misconduct by educating researchers on standards, and offers frameworks for addressing violations fairly. In today’s interconnected research environment, having shared ethical codes strengthens international collaboration and consistency. For governments, institutions, and the public, this document demonstrates commitment to transparency, fairness, and societal responsibility. It is not just a guideline but a foundation for safeguarding the reliability of research outcomes.ding the reliability of research outcomes.)
Code of Ethics Young Scientists (2018) + (Code of Ethics Young Scientists distils in … Code of Ethics Young Scientists distils international expectations for research integrity in International and clarifies what researchers and institutions in International need to do to comply. It reduces ambiguity, aligns local practice with international norms, and offers actionable steps that improve transparency, reproducibility, and equitable access. For policy leads, it is a benchmark; for authors and administrators, it is a practical checklist. Published by nan in 2018, it is a credible reference to cite in institutional policies, training, and grant documentation.licies, training, and grant documentation.)
Brazilian Guide to Recommendations for Responsible Practices 2013 + (Code of Ethics Young Scientists' is import … Code of Ethics Young Scientists' is important because it ensures credibility and trust in research by providing both preventive and corrective guidance. It prevents misconduct by educating researchers on standards, and offers frameworks for addressing violations fairly. In today’s interconnected research environment, having shared ethical codes strengthens international collaboration and consistency. For governments, institutions, and the public, this document demonstrates commitment to transparency, fairness, and societal responsibility. It is not just a guideline but a foundation for safeguarding the reliability of research outcomes.ding the reliability of research outcomes.)
International Code of Ethics Young Scientists + (Code of Ethics Young Scientists' is import … Code of Ethics Young Scientists' is important because it ensures credibility and trust in research by providing both preventive and corrective guidance. It prevents misconduct by educating researchers on standards, and offers frameworks for addressing violations fairly. In today’s interconnected research environment, having shared ethical codes strengthens international collaboration and consistency. For governments, institutions, and the public, this document demonstrates commitment to transparency, fairness, and societal responsibility. It is not just a guideline but a foundation for safeguarding the reliability of research outcomes.ding the reliability of research outcomes.)
Code of Ethics for Researchers of the Czech Academy of Sciences (Czech Republic, 2024) + (Code of Ethics for Researchers of the Czec … Code of Ethics for Researchers of the Czech Academy of Sciences' is important because it ensures credibility and trust in research by providing both preventive and corrective guidance. It prevents misconduct by educating researchers on standards, and offers frameworks for addressing violations fairly. In today’s interconnected research environment, having shared ethical codes strengthens international collaboration and consistency. For governments, institutions, and the public, this document demonstrates commitment to transparency, fairness, and societal responsibility. It is not just a guideline but a foundation for safeguarding the reliability of research outcomes.ding the reliability of research outcomes.)
Lithuanian Code of Ethics for Researchers 2012 + (Code of Ethics for Researchers' is importa … Code of Ethics for Researchers' is important because it ensures credibility and trust in research by providing both preventive and corrective guidance. It prevents misconduct by educating researchers on standards, and offers frameworks for addressing violations fairly. In today’s interconnected research environment, having shared ethical codes strengthens international collaboration and consistency. For governments, institutions, and the public, this document demonstrates commitment to transparency, fairness, and societal responsibility. It is not just a guideline but a foundation for safeguarding the reliability of research outcomes.ding the reliability of research outcomes.)
Code of Ethics for Scientific Research in Belgium (Belgium, 2009) + (Code of Ethics for Scientific Research in … Code of Ethics for Scientific Research in Belgium' is important because it ensures credibility and trust in research by providing both preventive and corrective guidance. It prevents misconduct by educating researchers on standards, and offers frameworks for addressing violations fairly. In today’s interconnected research environment, having shared ethical codes strengthens international collaboration and consistency. For governments, institutions, and the public, this document demonstrates commitment to transparency, fairness, and societal responsibility. It is not just a guideline but a foundation for safeguarding the reliability of research outcomes.ding the reliability of research outcomes.)
Code of Ethics for Scientific Research in Belgium (2009), Académie Royale des Sciences, des Lettres et des Beaux Arts de Belgique, the Académie Royale de Médecine de Belgique, the Koninklijke Vlaamse Academie van België voor Wetenschappen en Kunsten and the Koninklijke Academie voor Geneeskunde van België + (Code of Ethics for Scientific Research in … Code of Ethics for Scientific Research in Belgium distils national expectations for research integrity in Belgium and clarifies what researchers and institutions in Belgium-funded research need to do to comply. It reduces ambiguity, aligns local practice with international norms, and offers actionable steps that improve transparency, reproducibility, and equitable access. For policy leads, it is a benchmark; for authors and administrators, it is a practical checklist. Published by Académie Royale des Sciences, des Lettres et des Beaux Arts de Belgique, the Académie Royale de Médecine de Belgique, the Koninklijke Vlaamse Academie van België voor Wetenschappen en Kunsten and the Koninklijke Academie voor Geneeskunde van België in 2009, it is a credible reference to cite in institutional policies, training, and grant documentation.licies, training, and grant documentation.)
Code of Ethics of Estonian Scientists + (Code of Ethics of Estonian Scientists dist … Code of Ethics of Estonian Scientists distils national expectations for research integrity in Estonia and clarifies what researchers and institutions in nan need to do to comply. It reduces ambiguity, aligns local practice with international norms, and offers actionable steps that improve transparency, reproducibility, and equitable access. For policy leads, it is a benchmark; for authors and administrators, it is a practical checklist. Published by ? it is a credible reference to cite in institutional policies, training, and grant documentation.licies, training, and grant documentation.)
Estonian Code of Conduct for Research Integrity 2017 + (Code of Ethics of Estonian Scientists' is … Code of Ethics of Estonian Scientists' is important because it ensures credibility and trust in research by providing both preventive and corrective guidance. It prevents misconduct by educating researchers on standards, and offers frameworks for addressing violations fairly. In today’s interconnected research environment, having shared ethical codes strengthens international collaboration and consistency. For governments, institutions, and the public, this document demonstrates commitment to transparency, fairness, and societal responsibility. It is not just a guideline but a foundation for safeguarding the reliability of research outcomes.ding the reliability of research outcomes.)
Code of Ethics of Estonian Scientists 2011 + (Code of Ethics of Estonian Scientists' is … Code of Ethics of Estonian Scientists' is important because it ensures credibility and trust in research by providing both preventive and corrective guidance. It prevents misconduct by educating researchers on standards, and offers frameworks for addressing violations fairly. In today’s interconnected research environment, having shared ethical codes strengthens international collaboration and consistency. For governments, institutions, and the public, this document demonstrates commitment to transparency, fairness, and societal responsibility. It is not just a guideline but a foundation for safeguarding the reliability of research outcomes.ding the reliability of research outcomes.)
Code of Good Scientific Practice CSIC (2021) + (Code of Good Scientific Practice CSIC dist … Code of Good Scientific Practice CSIC distils national expectations for research integrity in Spain and clarifies what researchers and institutions in Spain need to do to comply. It reduces ambiguity, aligns local practice with international norms, and offers actionable steps that improve transparency, reproducibility, and equitable access. For policy leads, it is a benchmark; for authors and administrators, it is a practical checklist. Published by nan in 2021, it is a credible reference to cite in institutional policies, training, and grant documentation.licies, training, and grant documentation.)
Code of Good Scientific Practice (2014), FAPESP São Paulo Research Foundation + (Code of Good Scientific Practice distils r … Code of Good Scientific Practice distils regional (state of sao paulo) expectations for research integrity in Brazil and clarifies what researchers and institutions in Brazil need to do to comply. It reduces ambiguity, aligns local practice with international norms, and offers actionable steps that improve transparency, reproducibility, and equitable access. For policy leads, it is a benchmark; for authors and administrators, it is a practical checklist. Published by FAPESP São Paulo Research Foundation in 2014, it is a credible reference to cite in institutional policies, training, and grant documentation.licies, training, and grant documentation.)
Brazilian Code of Good Scientific Practice (2014) + (Code of Good Scientific Practice' is impor … Code of Good Scientific Practice' is important because it ensures credibility and trust in research by providing both preventive and corrective guidance. It prevents misconduct by educating researchers on standards, and offers frameworks for addressing violations fairly. In today’s interconnected research environment, having shared ethical codes strengthens international collaboration and consistency. For governments, institutions, and the public, this document demonstrates commitment to transparency, fairness, and societal responsibility. It is not just a guideline but a foundation for safeguarding the reliability of research outcomes.ding the reliability of research outcomes.)
New Zealand Code of Professional Standards and Ethics in Science, Technology, and the Humanities (2019) + (Code of Professional Standards and Ethics … Code of Professional Standards and Ethics in Science, Technology, and the Humanities ' is important because it ensures credibility and trust in research by providing both preventive and corrective guidance. It prevents misconduct by educating researchers on standards, and offers frameworks for addressing violations fairly. In today’s interconnected research environment, having shared ethical codes strengthens international collaboration and consistency. For governments, institutions, and the public, this document demonstrates commitment to transparency, fairness, and societal responsibility. It is not just a guideline but a foundation for safeguarding the reliability of research outcomes.ding the reliability of research outcomes.)
Code of Professional Standards and Ethics in Science, Technology, and the Humanities (2019) + (Code of Professional Standards and Ethics … Code of Professional Standards and Ethics in Science, Technology, and the Humanities distils national expectations for research integrity in New Zealand and clarifies what researchers and institutions in Aotearoa - New Zealand need to do to comply. It reduces ambiguity, aligns local practice with international norms, and offers actionable steps that improve transparency, reproducibility, and equitable access. For policy leads, it is a benchmark; for authors and administrators, it is a practical checklist. Published by nan in 2019, it is a credible reference to cite in institutional policies, training, and grant documentation.licies, training, and grant documentation.)
Romanian Codul General de Etică în Cercetarea Științifică - General code of ethics in scientific research 2015 + (Codul General de Etică în Cercetarea Știin … Codul General de Etică în Cercetarea Științifică - General code of ethics in scientific research' is important because it ensures credibility and trust in research by providing both preventive and corrective guidance. It prevents misconduct by educating researchers on standards, and offers frameworks for addressing violations fairly. In today’s interconnected research environment, having shared ethical codes strengthens international collaboration and consistency. For governments, institutions, and the public, this document demonstrates commitment to transparency, fairness, and societal responsibility. It is not just a guideline but a foundation for safeguarding the reliability of research outcomes.ding the reliability of research outcomes.)
Codul General de Etică în Cercetarea Științifică - General code of ethics in scientific research (2015) + (Codul General de Etică în Cercetarea Știin … Codul General de Etică în Cercetarea Științifică - General code of ethics in scientific research distils national expectations for research integrity in Romania and clarifies what researchers and institutions in nan need to do to comply. It reduces ambiguity, aligns local practice with international norms, and offers actionable steps that improve transparency, reproducibility, and equitable access. For policy leads, it is a benchmark; for authors and administrators, it is a practical checklist. Published by nan in 2015, it is a credible reference to cite in institutional policies, training, and grant documentation.licies, training, and grant documentation.)
Standards of authorship + (Collaborations are becoming more frequent … Collaborations are becoming more frequent and gather anever increasing number of researcher. At the same time publications remain a key source of academic credit and career advancement. It is important to allocate credit for research contributions in a fair and transparent way. The UK Research Integrity Office outlines why authorship standards matter:“Correct authorship of research publications matters because authorship confers credit, carries responsibility, and readers should know who has done the research. Denying authorship to somebody who deserves it denies recognition and academic credit since publications are used to assess academic productivity. Including an undeserving author is unfair since this person gets credit for work they have not done. Omitting a deserving author from an author also list misleads readers (including journal editors) and may mask conflicts of interest.” '"`UNIQ--ref-0000013E-QINU`"''"`UNIQ--references-0000013F-QINU`"'NU`"' '"`UNIQ--references-0000013F-QINU`"')