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{{Theme
|Theme Type=Good Practices
|Title=Research integrity training for diverse disciplines
|Is About=Academic disciplines, such as humanities, medicine or natural science, approach research integrity for young researchers differently. While a university upholds one code of conduct, the manner of its application depends on the discipline, its methods and the data created. In many universities research integrity training is promoted for young (PhD) researchers. However, the form training takes within different disciplines highlights  different “problem narratives” in relation to research integrity.
|Important Because=Specific disciplines deal with different problems concerning research integrity and research ethics. For instance, a physicist might have different concerns to a statistician or a researcher in a hospital. As universities have different faculties, often reflecting specific disciplines, research integrity training is often given per discipline. One study looked into the specific differences of doctoral courses on research integrity (<ref>Sarauw, L. L., Degn, L., & Ørberg, J. W. (2019). Researcher development through doctoral training in research integrity. International Journal for Academic Development, 24(2), 178-191.</ref>). The main lesson learned from this study concerns the variation of the “problem narrative” underpinning the different courses. 

These problem narratives frame the way the research integrity is presented, and also the way that the roles of the doctoral students are articulated. 

*In the '''Health Faculty''', for instance, the course was based on the idea that researchers are inherently ‘small cheaters’ who individually have to navigate an inimical culture; a problem narrative that was reproduced in the pedagogical design and the didactical choices made by the course teachers.
*In the '''Social Sciences Faculty''', the problem narrative of the “broken system” was emphasized, where the doctoral students were caught between incentivizing and promotion systems which incentivize questionable practices and a scientific system with inherent biases and poor practices.
*In the '''Humanities Faculty''', ethical dilemmas were accepted as part of scientific practice.
*In the '''Natural Sciences Faculty''', the disciplinary field was thought to be fundamentally sound, and research integrity training merely served to provide early career academics with the research practices and techniques to maintain and strengthen this field of science.

Despite these different problematizations, the solutions that were promoted in the courses were surprisingly similar. While participants were informed about the institutional support that was available, all the courses (explicitly and implicitly) highlighted the responsibility of individuals and research groups for acting with integrity in their own local practice. All the courses used casework and group discussions to focus on everyday dilemmas in the belief that through ‘reflexivity’ participants would be empowered to act responsibly, even when surrounded by ‘small cheaters’ and dealing with structural pressures from an increasingly competitive research environment.

The study suggests that a common trait of the doctoral courses is to responsibilize the early career researchers, while not necessarily giving them the tools necessary to carry this responsibility. The concept of the varying problem narratives emerging from this study is a key insight which might be very valuable in the design of future training activities. Teachers and course leaders are very influential in framing the courses, based on their own conceptions of the “problem of research integrity”. These problem narratives might be based on disciplinary differences, but they may also be influenced by the background of the course leaders and teachers, their own experiences with research integrity or research cultures, and it is vital that course leaders reflect on these problem narratives and how they shape the training activities.
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|Important For=Early career researchers; Research integrity trainers; PhD students; Postdocs; Trainers in training
|Is Flagged=No
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|Related To Resource=Resource:5e80f964-b042-4f21-80e8-a0f532047269;Resource:7f3a037e-4720-4564-ae17-e6a2a92adac5
|Related To Theme=Theme:34a864d0-43b3-48bc-aaa3-438dcc124c02
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{{Tags
|Has Good Practice And Misconduct=Training
}}