View source for The Netherlands

===LOWI===

In May 2003, a national institutional structure for research integrity, the Netherlands Board on Research Integrity (LOWI), was voluntarily and jointly established by the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO), and the Association of Universities in the Netherlands (VSNU), including the Netherlands Federation of University Medical Centres (NFU). The LOWI is supported by a Secretariat that is attached to the (KNAW). In 2019, LOWI became a non-profit association in accordance with the Associations Act to underline its independent status. The LOWI is authorized to admit other research institutions as member. At present, the LOWI – next to the KNAW (and its institutes), NWO (and its institutes) and the universities and medical centres working together in the VSNU – has 12 member organisations. It is financed by membership fees. The LOWI is independent of its founders and affiliated member organisations.