What are the best practices? (Has Best Practice)
From The Embassy of Good Science
A
In this workbook, we introduce fundamental concepts of AI, responsible research and innovation, and AI ethics and governance, such as the SSAFE-D Principles – which stands for Sustainability, Safety, Accountability, Fairness, Explainability, and Data-Stewardship. The SSAFE-D Principles are a set of ethical principles that serve as starting points for reflection and deliberation about possible harms and benefits associated with data-driven technologies. +
This workbook introduces the SUM Values (Support, Underwrite, Motivate), a set of ethical values intended to help AI project teams to assess the potential societal impacts and ethical permissibility of their projects. It then presents a Stakeholder Engagement Process (SEP), which provides tools to facilitate proportionate engagement of and input from stakeholders with an emphasis on equitable and meaningful participation and positionality awareness. +
This workbook provides a template of the SIA and activities that allow a deeper dive into crucial parts of it. For example, it discusses methods for weighing values and considering trade-offs during the SIA process, and highlights the need to approach the SIA as an end-to-end process of responsive evaluation and re-assessment. The workbook also includes a series of activities related to AI in Urban Planning to assist public sector bodies in developing a shared vocabulary and practical skills to implement ethical AI projects. +
When a complaint is submitted to the Executive Board of a university, it is the Board's duty to forward the case to the university's research integrity office.
When researchers are commissioned to produced research in a personal capacity, the associated studies should explicitly state that the authors are working in a personal capacity. In addition, there should be no mention of their academic affiliations. +
The policy brief provides a series of recommendations to minimize the impact of research misconduct. These focus on:
* Fostering a culture of integrity
* Monitoring and policy development
* Compliance and enforcement
* Peer support
* Incentives'"`UNIQ--ref-00000002-QINU`"' +
- Preservation and access
- Developing infrastructure
- Addressing interdisciplinary differences
- Recognition of good data practices
- Using standards +
The cases reveal practices to avoid:
<br />
*Plagiarism
*Undeserved authorship
*Duplicate submission
*Unprofessional conduct
*Lack of ethical approval
*Redundant or duplicate publication
Other experienced misconduct to avoid were:
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*"‘salami‐slicing’– dividing up a piece of research as thinly as possible to get the maximum number of papers out of it;this naturally involves a great deal of repeated information, especially in the ‘methods’ section;"
*"cutting and pasting whole sections from 1 manuscript to another – another unfortunate temptation of the electronic age;"'"`UNIQ--ref-00000002-QINU`"'
*"publishing a paper in a small national journal, then having it translated into English and submitting it to a larger journal without revealing its previous publication;"
*"publishing a paper in a minor journal or in some other format such as an e‐journal and then submitting it to a larger journal without revealing its previous publication, and"
*"attempting to have a paper published in 2 journals simultaneously;some authors even go so far as to give identical papers different titles and list the authors in a different order in an attempt to disguise this type of misconduct." '"`UNIQ--ref-00000003-QINU`"'
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Following [http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/browse/roles-and-responsibilities/defining-the-role-of-authors-and-contributors.html International Committee of Medical Journal Editors' (ICMJE) recommendations] +
B
Best Practice Guide for Research Integrity and Ethics (2020), Research Integrity / Research Ethics Working Group of BMBWF +
Best Practice Guide for Research Integrity and Ethics distils national expectations for research integrity in Austria and clarifies what researchers and institutions in Austria need to do to comply. It reduces ambiguity, aligns local practice with international norms, and offers actionable steps that improve transparency, reproducibility, and equitable access. For policy leads, it is a benchmark;for authors and administrators, it is a practical checklist. Published by Research Integrity / Research Ethics Working Group of BMBWF in 2020, it is a credible reference to cite in institutional policies, training, and grant documentation. +
There are six tenets or principles: indigenous identity development, indigenous paradigmatic lens, reflexivity and power sharing, critical immersion, participation and accountability, and methodological flexibility.
See more at: [https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1476750315622542 Guidance in the article published in Action Research.] +
C
COPE provides collection of [https://publicationethics.org/guidance/Guidelines guidelines] on publication ethics. +
As an author, assuming responsibility and being accountable for one's work requires the disclosure of one's identity. +
Best practices include designing AI companion systems that respect the autonomy and privacy of elderly users. Clear explanations should be provided about how personal, behavioral, and emotional data are collected and used. Systems should complement human caregiving rather than replace social interaction with family or caregivers. Developers should also ensure transparency, data protection, and user-friendly interfaces tailored to older adults. Continuous monitoring and human oversight can help maintain trust and responsible use. +
Best practices include ensuring transparency that griefbots are AI simulations and not real continuations of a person. Developers should require clear consent for the use of the deceased person’s digital data. Psychological guidance or support should be available for vulnerable users interacting with such systems. Ethical oversight and cultural sensitivity are also important, as attitudes toward death and remembrance vary across societies. Data protection and respectful design should guide the development of griefbots. +
Case-based ethics instruction: the influence of contextual and individual factors in case content on ethical decision-making +
Cases must include a rich and realistic description of the social context. +
This teaching material was developed by the NRIN. In the first session in which this material was used, case 1 was not entirely clear to the participants. Some information was therefore added to this material. A session with discussions on all dilemma’s would take about 60-90 minutes.
Cases 2 and 3 were slightly simplified for a meet-the-keynote-speaker session with Prof. Lex Bouter. He used one only case 2 (Case A in the ppt) in this session, because it already yielded a lively discussion with the participants who also discussed related dilemma’s they encountered in their work.
The material then was further developed for the course on research integrity for PhD-candidates at VUmc. New materials to be uploaded. +
- General Scientific Integrity
- Collegiality
-Responsibility to research participants
- Protection of animals in research
- Obligations to students
-Social Responsibility +
- Publication ethics
- Supervision and mentoring
- Institutional policy +
In their virtue-based model of ethical decision-making, Crossan et al. outline how a virtue-based orientation may be a means of resilience for individuals who are trying to navigate between high situational pressures and demands for ethical behavior.'"`UNIQ--ref-00000009-QINU`"'
Medeiros et al. give an overview of cognitive biases prevalent among university staff.'"`UNIQ--ref-0000000A-QINU`"' Mecca et al. give valuable insights on the efficacy of a training intervention based on the finding of Medeiros et al.'"`UNIQ--ref-0000000B-QINU`"'
Cassam recently introduced an account on how epistemic vices may influence unethical decision-making.'"`UNIQ--ref-0000000C-QINU`"' Moreover, he gives an overview on how these vices may be corrected (see chapter 8 “Self-improvement“, p. 167-187).'"`UNIQ--ref-0000000D-QINU`"'
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Collaborative Working Between Academia and Industry: An Educational Scenario by the EnTIRE project +
The aim of all eight scenarios is to allow researchers, research ethics committees ('RECs'), research integrity offices ('RIOs') and research administrators to focus their reflection on core principles and research contexts that enshrine good research practice as well as their local rules and practices. +
