What is this about? (Is About)
From The Embassy of Good Science
A short summary providing some details about the theme/resource (max. 75 words)
- ⧼SA Foundation Data Type⧽: Text
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This case is about the publication of the analyses of the DNA from 4 men in Namibia, which occured in 2009, and the consequenses of that publication. This is a factual case.
'''Key quote:'''
"Without studies that look at each underrepresented population, genetic tests and therapies can’t be tailored to everyone. Still, (...) collecting that data could exploit the very people the programs intend to help."
'''The core ethical problems include:'''
*Respect: treating ethnicities as mere objects of scientific and/or commercial interest.
*Consent: 1) A genome belongs to a whole population, not just to an individual, so obtaining individual consent for DNA analysis may not be sufficient and 2) Collected data may be reused for purposes which were not originally consented to. +
This is a fictional case about a researcher that works for a pharmaceutical company. Instead of looking from the viewpoint of the individual, the case adopts a ‘social organization approach’: it analyses how the interactions with the company personnel may subtly lead to unethical behaviour.
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This factual case analyses a study in which public health researchers investigated a less effective but also less expensive health measure. This study raised social justice and ethical concerns. Some argued that the study promoted inequality as the research subjects were not receiving the best possible treatment, while others argued that the subjects were treated as a mere means to further scientific knowledge. Therefore, this case examines whether studying an intervention that is less effective than known measures can ever be justified.
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The European Code of Conduct for Research Integrity is a framework used by the European research community as a tool to regulate all scientific and research areas and to ensure the integrity of research across Europe. The Code provides a set of fundamental principles for research integrity, a set of good research practices, and highlights the potential violations of research integrity. +
The 2023 Revised Edition of the European Code of Conduct for Research Integrity, published by ALLEA, is a comprehensive framework designed to guide researchers, institutions, funders, and publishers across all scientific and scholarly disciplines in upholding high standards of research integrity.
It outlines four core principles, '''Reliability''', '''Honesty''', '''Respect''', and '''Accountability,''' which together define good research practices, ranging from study design and methodology to publication, data management, and peer review.
Beyond principles, the Code details how to implement good practices in concrete contexts: research environments, training and mentoring, research procedures, data management, collaboration, publication and authorship, reviewing and assessment. It also defines what constitutes violations of research integrity and how institutions should handle misconduct.
The 2023 revision responds to contemporary developments such as stricter data-protection rules (e.g., GDPR), the rise of Open Science, new research practices including citizen science, use of digital tools and AI, and evolving publication and evaluation practices to ensure the Code remains relevant and effective. +
The European Code of Conduct for Research Integrity serves the European research community as a framework for self-regulation across all scientific and scholarly disciplines and for all research settings. The Code provides a set of fundamental principles for research integrity, a set of good research practices, and highlights the potential violations of research integrity. The Code was published originally in English on 24 March 2017 and was translated to all official EU languages by the European Commission’s Translational Services and with the support of ALLEA Member Academies. +
The European Code of Conduct for Research Integrity serves the European research community as a framework for self-regulation across all scientific and scholarly disciplines and for all research settings. The Code was published originally in English on 24 March 2017. The 2023 edition incorporates a number of significant changes relating to diversity, whistleblowers, and the ethical handling of research data. Other changes relate to the planning and crediting of different research projects., and to the responsible dissemination of research results. +
The ECHRBmed is a legally binding convention aimed at the protection of human rights within the biomedical field. It uses as a framework the European Convention of Human Rights and focuses on a variety of topics and rights, especially those relevant for the medical and biomedical disciplines. +
Directive 2001/20/EC, passed by the EU parliament and Council in 2001, is a directive that aimed to provide guidelines for the conduct of good clinical practice in the conduct of clinical trials of medicines on human subjects. The directive aimed to protect public health by establishing a clear procedure for clinical trials conducted within the European Union. +
The Good Clinical Practice Directive of the European Union, published in 2005, sets down detailed guidelines and principles for the conduct of good clinical practice, as this regards investigational medical products for human use, and their manufacture and importation. +
This is a factual case. This research article first gives a short overview of a prominent case of text recycling or self-plagiarism. From this case, the authors have formulated several hypotheses about the extend and the possible correlates of text recycling in the Dutch scientific fields of biochemistry & molecular cell biology, economics, history, and psychology.
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The Finnish Code of Conduct for Research Integrity and Procedures for Handling Alleged Violations of Research Integrity in Finland +
The Finnish National Board on Research Integrity (TENK) has been publishing guidelines for researchers, students and research institutions since 1994. The 2023 edition of the TENK guidelines incorporates several significant changes, aimed primarily at bringing the Finnish national research guidelines into closer harmony with the updated European Code of Conduct for Research Integrity.
The 2023 edition of the TENK guidelines replaces "RCR" with "Research Integrity" in the English translation, and shifts the focus away from misconduct and negligence and towards good practices. +
The Finnish Code of Conduct for Research Integrity and Procedures for Handling Alleged Violations of Research Integrity in Finland (2023), Finnish National Board on Research Integrity TENK +
The Finnish Code of Conduct for Research Integrity and Procedures for Handling Alleged Violations of Research Integrity in Finland (2023), authored by the Finnish National Board on Research Integrity (TENK), provides a national framework to promote responsible conduct of research. It formalises core principles of honesty, accountability, professional courtesy, and stewardship, linking them to reproducibility, credibility, and societal trust. The code defines responsibilities for researchers, institutions, funders, and journals, addressing good practices in planning, conducting, publishing, and reviewing research. It outlines provisions on authorship, citation, conflict of interest management, transparency, supervision, and peer review, while establishing clear procedures for investigating misconduct that ensure fairness, proportional sanctions, and learning opportunities. Education and training are embedded, alongside guidance on emerging issues such as open science, digital tools, and data management. Equity and diversity are emphasised as essential for credible research environments. By aligning with international standards, the code reinforces global comparability and supports mobility of researchers. +
This guideline by the Flemish Council for Research Integrity (VCW) aims to provide research integrity support to research funding organizations by addressing a specific theme: how to handle misconduct in funding proposals. +
This resource deals specifically with plagiarism in scientific research and it's many harms. Although plagiarism is well recognized as a breach of research integrity, gray areas exist regarding what constitutes plagiarism and concepts such as self-plagiarism. This document delves into these ambiguities in detail, and makes suggestions as to how plagiarism can be prevented. +
This practical guide formulated by the CNRS is intended for all actors in research, and addresses various aspects of research integrity from the underlying principles to their application. +
As France's largest public research funding organization, the ANR plays an important role in setting the tone of research and scientific integrity. This document sets out the main ethical principles underlying research integrity, and the responsibilities of various stakeholders to ensure integrity in research. +
This document sets down important general principles of good research integrity, what constitutes misconduct and the handling of misconduct allegations, which can be adapted to specific institutional norms. It emphasizes vigilance, prevention of misconduct and reflection over good research practices, in order to maintain high standards of integrity. +
On 11 March 2011, a massive earthquake and subsequent tsunami struck Japan, leading to a nuclear disaster at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant. This disaster resulted in the loss of approximately 20,000 lives and the evacuation of over 110,000 residents, many of whom were resettled in Date City.
In 2015, the city of Date requested a researcher from Fukushima Medical University to analyse the radiation exposure data that city officials had collected over the years. Problems with informed consent led to the later retraction of relevant articles. +
The German Association of University Professors and Lecturers' (DHV) Position Paper on Scientific Self-regulation and Scientific Misconduct +
In this resolution, the DHV highlights the importance of self-regulation in science. While acknowledging that various pressures exist such as competition, pressure from funders or industry and state influence, it emphasized that research misconduct can in o way be justified. +
