Peer review
From The Embassy of Good Science
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Peer review
What is this about?
A professor tells a student that he is peer-reviewing the article of another research group, with whom you are in direct competition for funding.
The student recognizes the conflict on interest at play. The professor asks the student for his opinion on the paper, which the student reads. The student sees that the professor is reviewing the article "unfavourably", but thinks the professor has plausibly argued in the review.