Difference between revisions of "Resource:Cc6c04c8-d628-457a-a514-e050023340ec"

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|Resource Type=Cases
 
|Resource Type=Cases
 
|Title=Ethics, Human Rights and HIV Vaccine Trials in Low-Income Settings
 
|Title=Ethics, Human Rights and HIV Vaccine Trials in Low-Income Settings
|Is About=In this study, two vignettes are presented to illustrate two core issues in conducting phase III HIV vaccine trials in low-income countries-namely, (1) from the perspective of participants, the extent to which understanding is a prerequisite for consenting to participate in a trial, and (2) from the perspective of trial investigators, whether it is appropriate to persuade eligible people to enrol in a trial, even though their initial reaction is to decline to participate<ref>London, Leslie, et al. "Ethics, human rights and HIV vaccine trials in low-income settings." ''Journal of medical ethics'' 38.5 (2012): 286-293.</ref>. This is a factual case.  
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|Is About=This fictional case describes the human rights and ethical implications of vaccine trials in low-income communities and countries. Two short, fictional scenarios are analysed from both perspectives. The case revolves around two key points: the informed consent and comprehension of the research by the potential participants and the question to what extend persuasion by the trail conductor is justifiable.  
 
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|Important Because=The massive growth in global health research in past decades has posed many challenges for its effective ethical oversight, not least of which is how best to provide effective protection of research participants. The extent of the HIV epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa in particular makes research into prevention technologies for HIV, including HIV vaccine research, a global priority. However, the need for vaccine research must be considered in conjunction with the individual's right to informed consent, which is based on the principle of respect for autonomy<ref>London, Leslie, et al. "Ethics, human rights and HIV vaccine trials in low-income settings." ''Journal of medical ethics'' 38.5 (2012): 286-293.</ref>.
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|Important Because=The number of vaccine development trials that take place in low and lower-middle income countries increases.<ref>Grenham, A., & Villafana, T. (2017). Vaccine development and trials in low and lower-middle income countries: Key issues, advances and future opportunities. ''Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics'', ''13''(9), 2192–2199. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2017.1356495</nowiki></ref> With this increase in vaccine trials, the risk of exploitation of the local communities also rises. It is important to avoid exploitation and respect the right of autonomy of the research subjects. Therefore, identification of the important ethical issues and the human rights at stake is needed. In this manner, the analysis presented in the current case may be the first step towards policies and regulations that protect the rights of inhabitants of low and lower-middle income countries where vaccine trials take place.
 
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|Important For=Researchers
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|Important For=Researchers; Ethics committee members; Pharma Industry
 
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|Has Timepoint=2012
 
|Has Location=Sub Saharan Africa
 
|Has Location=Sub Saharan Africa
|Has Virtue And Value=Respect
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|Has Virtue And Value=Respect; Autonomy
 
|Has Good Practice And Misconduct=Informed consent; Vulnerable population
 
|Has Good Practice And Misconduct=Informed consent; Vulnerable population
 
|Related To Research Area=Clinical medicine
 
|Related To Research Area=Clinical medicine
 
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Latest revision as of 14:07, 5 August 2021

Cases

Ethics, Human Rights and HIV Vaccine Trials in Low-Income Settings

What is this about?

This fictional case describes the human rights and ethical implications of vaccine trials in low-income communities and countries. Two short, fictional scenarios are analysed from both perspectives. The case revolves around two key points: the informed consent and comprehension of the research by the potential participants and the question to what extend persuasion by the trail conductor is justifiable.

Why is this important?

The number of vaccine development trials that take place in low and lower-middle income countries increases.[1] With this increase in vaccine trials, the risk of exploitation of the local communities also rises. It is important to avoid exploitation and respect the right of autonomy of the research subjects. Therefore, identification of the important ethical issues and the human rights at stake is needed. In this manner, the analysis presented in the current case may be the first step towards policies and regulations that protect the rights of inhabitants of low and lower-middle income countries where vaccine trials take place.

  1. Grenham, A., & Villafana, T. (2017). Vaccine development and trials in low and lower-middle income countries: Key issues, advances and future opportunities. Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, 13(9), 2192–2199. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2017.1356495

For whom is this important?

Other information

When
Virtues & Values
Good Practices & Misconduct
Research Area
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