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Anonymity Declined + (On wrting a second ethnographic work about … On wrting a second ethnographic work about a village, the researcher went against the wishes of the villagers by not using their real names but acted in accordance with the Principles of Professional Responsibility of the American Anthropological Association. She made exceptions where she judged that using a real name would please the person.using a real name would please the person.)
Respondent Confidentiality + (One of Dr. Cultu's research subjects is su … One of Dr. Cultu's research subjects is suspected of committing a murder at a bar where Cultu conducted observations and recorded interviews. The police requests access to Dr. Cultu's research notes and interviews. The case study asks whether the researcher should cooperate with the police and in what form.ooperate with the police and in what form.)
Clarifying the aims of a research study + (One of the most important steps in informi … One of the most important steps in informing potential research participants is clearly communicating the aims of the study and ensuring there are no misunderstandings. This has real practical implications. For example, Williams, Irvine, McGinnis, McMurdo & Crombie (2007) surveyed a group of individuals who opted out of a prior cross-sectional study when invited to take part. Although 54% of the individuals contacted refused to participate in the initial study, 61% of this original sample opted to participate in the follow-up study. They identified that the majority of this 61% opted out of the original study due to misunderstandings regarding the research aim and process.ndings regarding the research aim and process.)
Reproducibility and Replicability in Science + (One of the pathways by which the scientifi … One of the pathways by which the scientific community confirms the validity of a new scientific discovery is by repeating the research that produced it. When a scientific effort fails to independently confirm the computations or results of a previous study, some fear that it may be a symptom of a lack of rigor in science, while others argue that such an observed inconsistency can be an important precursor to new discovery.e an important precursor to new discovery.)
Open science outlook 1: status and trends around the world + (Open science can be a powerful tool … Open science can be a powerful tool to bridge the existing science, technology and innovation gaps, to accelerate the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals and to promote the fulfillment of the human right to science.With a growing number of countries charting their paths towards more open, inclusive and accessible science systems, it has become crucial to undertake a comprehensive global assessment of open science to gauge its impact, identify challenges and lay the groundwork for future progress.This publication is the first endeavour to assess the state of open science at the global level in line with the 2021 UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science021 UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science)
Open Access in Germany (2013), Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung/ Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) + (Open Access in Germany (2013), produced by … Open Access in Germany (2013), produced by the Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), is a national policy written in German and aimed at stakeholders in Germany. It sets openness as the default principle, balanced by ethics, privacy, intellectual property, and security, under the maxim “as open as possible, as closed as necessary.” The policy links open access to improving research quality, reproducibility, speed of dissemination, and equitable access to knowledge, particularly for communities lacking subscription access. Key elements include clear compliance routes for open access to publications, Creative Commons licensing, persistent identifiers, and depositing manuscripts or versions of record in trusted repositories. It also promotes FAIR data principles, data management plans, and transparent exceptions for sensitive or commercial data. Operational guidance assigns responsibilities to researchers, institutions, funders, and publishers, emphasizing rights retention, acknowledgment of funding, and justified embargo use. Infrastructure such as repositories, registries, and discovery tools supports compliance, while monitoring relies on reporting and progress indicators. The policy stresses responsible openness, equity, and multilingual communication, with safeguards for personal and sensitive data. For researchers, librarians, funders, and policymakers, it provides a coherent, actionable framework that aligns German practice with international standards. Published in 2013, it remains a benchmark for institutional policies, training, and grant documentation.licies, training, and grant documentation.)
Open Science + (Open Science is the movement to make scien … Open Science is the movement to make scientific research outputs accessible to all. Open science is sometimes described as a decentralised and collaborative process, '"`UNIQ--ref-00000000-QINU`"' and other times as a philosophical perspective that challenges secrecy and promotes the idea that sharing data and collaboration are inherently good, and in order to promote these, barriers to access research should be removed.'"`UNIQ--ref-00000001-QINU`"' The key pillars of Open Science include open access to publications, open and FAIR data, and open source code.'"`UNIQ--ref-00000002-QINU`"''"`UNIQ--references-00000003-QINU`"'NU`"' '"`UNIQ--references-00000003-QINU`"')
Open Science - A practical guide for early-career researchers (2023), Brinkman, L., Dijk, E., de Jonge, H., Loorbach, N., & Rutten, D. + (Open Science, a Practical Guide for Early … Open Science, a Practical Guide for Early-Career Researchers (2023), produced in the Netherlands, provides actionable guidance to make research outputs as open as possible while respecting ethics, privacy, intellectual property, and security. It covers open access to publications, preferred Creative Commons licensing, deposition in trusted repositories, persistent identifiers, and FAIR-aligned data management plans. Researchers, institutions, funders, and publishers share responsibilities: planning for openness, retaining rights, acknowledging funding, providing infrastructure and training, and supporting interoperability. Limited embargoes or exceptions for sensitive data must be transparently justified. The guide emphasizes equity, zero-embargo access, multilingual communication, and minimizing publication costs, while prioritizing the quality of openness metadata, reproducibility, and machine-readability over publication counts. It aligns with international initiatives such as Plan S and EOSC, and provides practical examples, FAQs, and workflows. By consolidating dispersed rules into a coherent framework, it helps early-career researchers comply efficiently and contribute to a transparent, inclusive research ecosystem in the Netherlands.ive research ecosystem in the Netherlands.)
Open access publishing: the new norm? + (Open access publishing allows research out … Open access publishing allows research outputs, such as academic journal articles, to be distributed online without barriers. This is in contrast to traditional non-open access publishing, where access has to be acquired through subscriptions, site licenses or pay-per-view charges. Although developments in the open access movement suggest its popularity is rising, there is little information about the impact on publishing.nformation about the impact on publishing.)
Open peer review - transparent way of gatekeeping science + (Open peer review can mean a few different … Open peer review can mean a few different things. It can be a process in which names of the peer reviewers of papers submitted to academic journals are disclosed to the authors of the papers in question. Sometimes the review texts are published with the accepted papers, and in some forms of open peer review, the reviewers’ names are published along with their comments.'"`UNIQ--ref-00000000-QINU`"''"`UNIQ--references-00000001-QINU`"'NU`"' '"`UNIQ--references-00000001-QINU`"')
UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science + (Open science is a set of principles and pr … Open science is a set of principles and practices that aim to make scientific research from all fields accessible to everyone for the benefits of scientists and society as a whole. Open science is about making sure not only that scientific knowledge is accessible but also that the production of that knowledge itself is inclusive, equitable and sustainable.The UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science provides an internationally agreed definition, as well as a set of shared values and guiding principles for open science. It also identifies a set of actions conducive to a fair and equitable operationalization of open science for all at the individual, institutional, national, regional and international levels.tional, regional and international levels.)
Rights to Authorship + (Oscar Martinez is a grad student who impro … Oscar Martinez is a grad student who improved code used in Nick Manson's study. He later noticed that Manson published a paper which relied heavily on the new code and requested to be counted as one of the authors of the papers. Manson claimed that an acknowledgement was sufficient as he did the rest of the work on his own. The case study asks whether Martinez's contribution merits authorship.Martinez's contribution merits authorship.)
The Environmental Impact of Physical Devices + (Our phones and devices seem small and port … Our phones and devices seem small and portable — but their environmental footprint is massive. This short article by the Convention on Biological Diversity, linked below, explores how technology products affect the environment throughout their lifecycle: from the extraction of rare minerals to their disposal as e-waste.Please read the article linked in the first slide of this course (www.cbd.int/article/greening-tech-for-people-and-planet). As you read, pay particular attention to the three stages of the smartphone lifecycle: production, use, and disposal. Then come back and complete the interactive exercises.ck and complete the interactive exercises.)
Outcome reporting bias + (Outcome reporting bias refers to selective … Outcome reporting bias refers to selective/distorted reporting of results, and/or biased interpretation of available information. This may involve overlooking some results or using specific statistical methods to achieve a desirable and often pre-determined outcome.esirable and often pre-determined outcome.)
Retracted gay-marriage study debated at misconduct meet-up + (Over rum cocktails at the World Conference … Over rum cocktails at the World Conference on Research Integrity, experts discussed what can be learnt from the fallout of a flawed political-science paper. The world’s largest gathering of specialists in research misconduct kicked off on 31 May in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, shortly after science’s latest scandal broke. On the evening before the start of sessions on how to diagnose and remedy ethical faults in research, delegates to the 4th World Conference on Research Integrity sipped caipirinhas, Brazil’s national cocktail — and swapped views on what could be gleaned from a flawed political-science study.ned from a flawed political-science study.)
P-value hacking + (P-value hacking, also known as data dredgi … P-value hacking, also known as data dredging, data fishing, data snooping or data butchery, is an exploitation of data analysis in order to discover patterns which would be presented as statistically significant, when in reality, there is no underlying effect.'"`UNIQ--ref-00000000-QINU`"''"`UNIQ--ref-00000001-QINU`"' In other words, p-hacking is running statistical tests on a set of data until some statistically significant results arise. That can be done in a few different ways, for example: by stopping the collection of data once you get a P<0.05, analyzing many outcomes, but only reporting those with P<0.05, using covariates, excluding participants, etc.'"`UNIQ--references-00000002-QINU`"'pants, etc. '"`UNIQ--references-00000002-QINU`"')
PATTERN + (PATTERN (Piloting Open and Responsible Act … PATTERN (Piloting Open and Responsible Activities and Trainings Towards the Enhancement of Researchers’ Networks) is a 42-month Horizon Europe project that promotes open and responsible research and innovation (Open RRI) by developing and piloting training activities for researchers at all career stages. The project identifies and builds training modules around eight key transferable skills: open access, FAIR data management, research integrity, science communication, dissemination and exploitation of results, citizen science, management and leadership, and gender/non-discrimination/inclusion in research. It co-designs these trainings with institutions through mapping workshops and “Open Studio” cycles, and offers them on a digital platform where learners can access the materials freely. PATTERN also generates policy recommendations to encourage institutions and funders to embed Open RRI practices in their training programmes.RI practices in their training programmes.)
PERITIA + (PERITIA (Policy, Expertise, and Trust in A … PERITIA (Policy, Expertise, and Trust in Action) was an EU-funded Horizon 2020 project (2020–2023) that studied how people trust experts and what makes expertise trustworthy. The multidisciplinary team – including philosophers, scientists, psychologists, policy experts and media specialists – explored how emotional, social, and normative factors influence trust in experts, beyond just their competence or reputation. Using climate change as a test case, PERITIA combined theoretical analysis with empirical research (surveys, lab studies, and citizen forums) to develop tools and indicators for evaluating trustworthiness. The project produced a “Trustworthiness Toolkit,” policy recommendations, and made its data publicly available through a Trust Hub.ta publicly available through a Trust Hub.)
POIESIS + (POIESIS is a three-year Horizon Europe fun … POIESIS is a three-year Horizon Europe funded project dedicated to tackling the growing societal mistrust in science. It studies how research practices grounded in integrity, transparency, and active involvement of citizens and stakeholders throughout the research process can influence public trust in science, research, and innovation. By promoting collaboration between researchers and society, POIESIS has develop strong policy recommendations that enhance credibility, openness, and co-creation in scientific work. Ultimately, the project seeks to build a more trustworthy and participatory research ecosystem that reinforces the connection between science and society.he connection between science and society.)
PRINTEGER + (PRINTEGER is a project funded by the Europ … PRINTEGER is a project funded by the European Union in the framework of Horizon 2020. Its mission is to enhance research integrity by promoting a research culture in which integrity is part and parcel of what it means to do excellent research, and not just an external and restrictive control system. To promote such a culture, an improved governance of integrity and responsible research has to be informed by practice: the daily operation of researchers and the tensions of a complex research system. PRINTEGER will contribute to improve adherence to high standards of integrity in research warranting high levels of public support for the sciences. In the short term, it will do so by improving integrity policies of national and international research organisations, but also by providing better tools for research leaders and managers. In the longer term, PRINTEGER will contribute to improve ethical awareness and reflection through the education of new generations of scientists with next generation educational tools. Immediate contributions of PRINTEGER will include raised attention for realistic and effective integrity measures through dissemination, including a large conference, and immediate trial and use of much improved educational resources for teaching research ethics to future and young scientists.rch ethics to future and young scientists.)
proEthics + (PRO-Ethics: Participatory Real Life Experiments in Research and Innovation Funding Organisations on Ethics)
Paper Mills + (Paper mills are companies that produce and … Paper mills are companies that produce and sell scientific manuscripts. These manuscripts are usually of poor quality, relying on fraudulent data or plagiarised research.'"`UNIQ--ref-00000000-QINU`"' Paper mills thrive on the “publish or perish” imperative, allowing scientific researchers to quickly publish articles that resemble genuine research in scientific journals, and artificially inflating their research profiles.'"`UNIQ--ref-00000001-QINU`"' Paper mills cause serious harm by casting doubt on the trustworthiness of scientific research, and have led to calls for a reassessment of the mechanisms of scientific publication.'"`UNIQ--references-00000002-QINU`"'tion. '"`UNIQ--references-00000002-QINU`"')
(re)submitting without consent of all authors + (Papers and grant applications should only … Papers and grant applications should only be submitted or resubmitted after consent from all authors. Not getting consent from all authors is considered a questionable research practice, and goes against the widely recognized recommendations from ICMJE (1).'"`UNIQ--ref-00000000-QINU`"' Not gaining consent from all authors can lead to reputational damage for authors, especially when the article or application does not meet the standards of the non-consenting authors.'"`UNIQ--references-00000001-QINU`"'hors. '"`UNIQ--references-00000001-QINU`"')
Research or Services? + (Parents are told that if they enroll their babies in a research project, the babies will receive an EEG to look for signs of brain damage. Babies not enrolled will not receive this diagnostic test.)
INSPIRE Checklist + (Part of the INSPIRE project was to develop … Part of the INSPIRE project was to develop a checklist to assess and classify initiatives that foster responsible research practices. Following a Delphi method including two online surveys and a workshop, a checklist was drafted, piloted and revised until consensus among the INSPIRE team was achieved. The result is an extensive yet practical checklist that can be used by many stakeholders and for multiple purposes.ny stakeholders and for multiple purposes.)

TEST 251209-GEA + (Participant Test)

Consent for publication (Participant) + (Participant’s consent for publication of c … Participant’s consent for publication of case reports is different from consent to participate in research.'"`UNIQ--ref-00000000-QINU`"' Since relationship between a researcher and a research participant is confidential, publishing case history in a journal can lead to participant’s identification. This is why researchers should not publish or share identifiable data from the research without participant’s consent.'"`UNIQ--ref-00000001-QINU`"''"`UNIQ--ref-00000002-QINU`"'00001-QINU`"''"`UNIQ--ref-00000002-QINU`"')
Path2Integrity Handbooks for Teachers and Trainers + (Path2Integrity has created several learnin … Path2Integrity has created several learning units on research integrity, divided into three series:*S-series (for secondary school and undergraduate students, pre-disciplinary)*M-series (for graduate students, disciplinary)*Y-series (for early career researchers, post-disciplinary)Each series is accompanied by a ''[https://path2integrity.eu/ri-materials#Handbooks Handbook for Teachers and Trainers].'' The handbooks contain various suggestions on how the learning cards can be used and share some helpful hints and tricks that facilitate effective teaching from the secondary school level to doctoral training.condary school level to doctoral training.)
Path2Integrity Learning Cards + (Path2Integrity has created several learnin … Path2Integrity has created several learning units of 90-120 minutes on various topics related to research integrity. For each unit, a learning card outlining teaching instructions in a step-by-step manner has been created. All learning cards address topics identified as crucial for research integrity in the European Code of Conduct for Research Integrity.There are three series of learning cards:*S-series: for secondary school students and undergraduate students (pre-disciplinary)*M-series: for graduate students (disciplinary)*Y-series: for early career researcher (post-disciplinary)All learning cards are based on one of three dialogical methods: role-play, storytelling or coming to an agreement. These activating methods help students to connect research integrity to their lifeworld and invite them to address ethical issues in research in a well-considered and informed way.The learning cards can be accessed through the following links:'''S-series'''S0: ''[https://zenodo.org/record/4441315#.YFYjyGRKj0o Good research is based on honesty]'' S1: ''[https://zenodo.org/record/4441316#.YFYkY2RKj0o Researchers, research institutions, scientific journals, government and regulatory agencies as well as funding agencies all safeguard good research and ensure reliable research results]'' S2: ''[https://zenodo.org/record/4441318#.YFYk7GRKj0o Researchers follow their aims in a careful and well-considered manner]'' S3: ''[https://zenodo.org/record/4543040#.YFYlVGRKj0o Researchers comply with codes and regulations]'' S4: ''[https://zenodo.org/record/4441321#.YFYloGRKj0o Research groups work as transparently and openly as possible]'' S5: ''[https://zenodo.org/record/4441324#.YFYmC2RKj0o Researchers ensure appropriate authorship and citation]'' '''M-series'''M0: ''[https://zenodo.org/record/4434118#.YFYm0mRKj0o Good research is based on honesty]''M1: ''[https://zenodo.org/record/4437582#.YFYoeWRKj0o The research environment constitutes itself through clear infrastructure, policies and procedures]''M2: ''[https://zenodo.org/record/4441257#.YFYoEGRKj0o Researchers design, carry out , analyse and document research in a careful and well-considered manner]''M3: ''[https://zenodo.org/record/4441304#.YFYol2RKj0o Researchers comply with codes and regulations relevant to their discipline]''M4: ''[https://zenodo.org/record/4441307#.YFYozmRKj0o Research groups work as transparently and openly as possible]'' M5: ''[https://zenodo.org/record/4441307#.YFYozmRKj0o Researchers ensure appropriate authorship and citation]''M8: ''[https://zenodo.org/record/3965693#.YFYpRGRKj0o Researchers, research institutions and organisations ensure access to data is as open as possible and as closed as necessary]''M9: ''[https://zenodo.org/record/4434150#.YFYpoWRKj0o Research integrity is a professional, ethical and legal responsibility]'''''Y-series'''Y1: ''[https://zenodo.org/record/4543043#.YFYqHmRKj0o The research environment constitutes itself through clear infrastructure, policies and procedures]''Y2: ''[https://zenodo.org/record/4441330#.YFYqlWRKj0o Researchers design, carry out , analyse and document research in a careful and well-considered manner]''Y3: ''[https://zenodo.org/record/4441333#.YFYqxWRKj0o Researchers comply with codes and regulations relevant to their discipline]''Y4: ''[https://zenodo.org/record/4441334#.YFYrGGRKj0o Research groups work as transparently and openly as possible]''Y5: ''[https://zenodo.org/record/4441336#.YFYrX2RKj0o Researchers ensure appropriate authorship and citation]''Y6: ''[https://zenodo.org/record/3965703#.YFYrnmRKj0o Researchers and research organisations follow good mentoring practices]''Y7: ''[https://zenodo.org/record/3965716#.YFYr0WRKj0o Researchers withdraw from involvement when conflicts of interest arise]''Y8: ''[https://zenodo.org/record/3965729#.YFYsB2RKj0o Researchers, research institutions and organisations and ensure appropriate data practices and management]''Many of the learning cards draw on one of the following two introductory learning cards that describe situations in which research integrity is at stake:''[https://zenodo.org/record/4543038#.YFYsg2RKj0o What happened at LONA Science Centre]''''[https://zenodo.org/record/4543021#.YFYshGRKj0o Hannah's story]''The learning cards can not only be used in classroom settings, but also in online teaching. To facilitate online teaching, Path2Integrity has created an [https://www.learning-p2i.eu/ online learning platform], which allows for combining asynchronous and synchronous phases of learning.In addition to the learning cards for pupils, students and young researchers, Path2Integrity, supported by its spin-off ''[https://trustinscience.manual.to/browse/AXG1QOhgHOIPoN2DisLx Trust in Science: Fighting COVID-19 with reliable information,]'' has created learning cards for citizen education. '''Citizen education series'''S01: ''[https://zenodo.org/record/3965658#.YFYuFmRKj0o Society needs responsible research]''S02: ''[https://zenodo.org/record/3965664#.YFYuZGRKj0o Bad research can harm people]''S04: ''[https://zenodo.org/record/3965672#.YFYuq2RKj0o Academic integrity is a safeguard for collaborative work]''S05: ''[https://zenodo.org/record/3965679#.YFYu6mRKj0o Society needs reliable information: Be aware of fake news]''able information: Be aware of fake news]'')
Path2Integrity Campaign + (Path2Integrity is a project on research in … Path2Integrity is a project on research integrity education, funded by the EU's Horizon 2020 program. Under the headline #MyPath2Integrity, the project has created campaign materials to help raise awareness about the importance of research integrity among secondary school students, undergraduate students, graduate students and young researchers. Materials are based on the European Code of Conduct for Research Integrity and include posters, postcards, leaflets, booklets and videos, many of which are not only available in English, but also in Bulgarian, Spanish, Catalan, Danish, German and Polish. Many of the materials rely on prominent researchers as role models to inspire pupils, students and young researchers to strive for integrity in their own work.to strive for integrity in their own work.)
Path2Integrity Online Learning Environment + (Path2Integrity is an online learning envir … Path2Integrity is an online learning environment designed to support students, young researchers, and professionals in understanding and practising research integrity. Hosted at learning-p2i.eu, the platform offers a publicly accessible set of learning courses built on “learning cards” that cover 20 units addressing core principles of behaviour in research such as responsibility, honesty, respect, and accountability. The courses are structured to enable dialogical, student-centred methods (discussion, debate) as opposed to purely passive learning. It was developed under the Horizon 2020 research programme, by an international consortium, to help navigate the evolving research landscape and equip users to engage in ethical and transparent research practices. The materials are freely available for download and use in blended or fully digital teaching settings.lended or fully digital teaching settings.)
PathOS + (PathOS (Open Science Impact Pathways) is a … PathOS (Open Science Impact Pathways) is a Horizon Europe research project (2022–2025) that seeks to understand, map, and quantify the effects of Open Science by uncovering the causal pathways linking Open Science practices to their outcomes in science, society, and the economy. Through six detailed case studies, the project develops new indicators, data-driven methods, and a cost-benefit analysis framework to assess costs and benefits of Open Science. Its goal is to provide evidence-based policy recommendations and tools to help funders, institutions, and policymakers make informed decisions to maximize the positive impact of Open Science.imize the positive impact of Open Science.)
Croatia's science minister rejects calls to resign amid plagiarism scandal + (Pavo Barišić says he won't step down after … Pavo Barišić says he won't step down after a parliamentary ethics committee found he copied another scholar's work. In a plagiarism scandal in Croatia, the country’s highest-level research ethics committee is clashing with its science minister — who says he won't step down after the committee found he had copied another scholar’s work. Scientists say the case raises questions about academic integrity at the top of a research system that is already riven with misconduct allegations.already riven with misconduct allegations.)
Peer Review in the Social Sciences and Humanities + (Peer review in the social sciences and hum … Peer review in the social sciences and humanities (SSH) differs from peer review in STEM disciplines. It is predominantly double-blinded, with the review process tending to last longer. Criticisms of the peer review system have led to ongoing discussions in the SSH community, and many have called for changes.mmunity, and many have called for changes.)
Hostile peer review + (Peer review is an important part of the sc … Peer review is an important part of the scientific process. Scientists usually value peer work honesty and benevolence, but sometimes, for different reasons, reviewers take a different approach. They can be offensive or insulting, and such reviews are then considered hostile reviews.views are then considered hostile reviews.)
Communicate results to the general public before a peer reviewed publication is available + (Peer reviews have become a crucial step in … Peer reviews have become a crucial step in the academic dissemination of information. Not only does it serve as a means of quality control, it also legitimizes research through a process of verification and validation. Meant to provide constructive feedback to the authors, the process of peer review involves a thorough evaluation of the research methodology and findings by experts or colleagues in the field (“peers”).The main strength of the peer reviews lie in the fact that they are capable of preventing the dissemination of flawed or manipulated information. Thus, publication in a peer-reviewed journals has become a pre-requisite for scientific credibility. However, it is not without drawbacks: not only is the review process is subject to biases and errors, but it could also potentially be misused by editors and reviewers to exclude novel information that refutes current standards. 1 Further, peer-reviews are also time-consuming, with the average time for accepted papers being 17 weeks. 2 In the case of research that is life-saving and of immediate impact, such delays could prove harmful. To circumvent this problem, many journals allow the publication of “pre-prints”, which are non-reviewed manuscripts which are disseminated online, hosted mostly on “pre-print servers” such as MedArxiv, arXiv and bioRxiv. 3 Pre-prints can be peer-reviewed and published formally at a later stage. Besides saving time, disseminating research in this manner also encourages feedback from a broader audience, improves the visibility of early stage researchers and help in manuscript revision prior to publication. 4researchers and help in manuscript revision prior to publication. 4)
Plagiarism + (Plagiarism is a form of research misconduc … Plagiarism is a form of research misconduct. It is defined, by the European Code of Conduct, as “using other people’s work and ideas without giving proper credit to the original source, thus violating the rights of the original author(s) to their intellectual outputs.”. '"`UNIQ--ref-00000000-QINU`"''"`UNIQ--references-00000001-QINU`"'NU`"' '"`UNIQ--references-00000001-QINU`"')
Plan S + (Plan S is an initiative for open-access pu … Plan S is an initiative for open-access publishing in science. It was set in motion by research organizations from 12 different European countries. The fundamental aim of Plan S is to mandate publicly funded research organizations and institutions to make their work freely available by publishing their manuscripts in open access journals and repositories. in open access journals and repositories.)
Policy on Open Access (2017) — NordForsk + (Policy on Open Access (2017) is a internat … Policy on Open Access (2017) is a international policy produced by NordForsk, written in english, and intended for stakeholders in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. It synthesizes expectations for open science and open access within Nordic region, translating high‑level principles into actionable guidance for researchers, institutions, funders and publishers. The document frames openness as a default—tempered by considerations of ethics, privacy, intellectual property, and security—and promotes the maxim of being as open as possible and as closed as necessary. It links openness to research quality, reproducibility, speed of translation, and equitable access to knowledge, particularly for communities with limited subscription access. Core elements typically covered include open access to publications with clear routes to compliance, preferred licensing such as Creative Commons, the use of persistent identifiers, and deposition of the accepted manuscript or version of record in trusted repositories. The guidance also references FAIR data principles and encourages data management plans that specify stewardship, metadata standards, and repository selection. On the operational side, the resource explains responsibilities for authors and host institutions, including acknowledging funding, retaining rights where feasible, and budgeting for publication costs only when necessary. Embargoes, where still allowed, are circumscribed and justified, and exceptions exist for sensitive, commercial, or security‑relevant data;these exceptions are documented through transparent waiver or justification processes. To support adoption, the document points to enabling infrastructure—repositories, registries, discovery services, and research information systems—that help automate compliance and improve the visibility of outputs. It often aligns with or references international efforts such as Plan S, the European Open Science Cloud, or national repository networks, situating local practice within a broader, interoperable ecosystem. Assessment and monitoring are addressed through reporting requirements, progress indicators, and compliance checks at grant reporting or institutional review stages. Rather than counting publications alone, emphasis is placed on the quality of openness: machine‑readable metadata, persistent links, transparent methods, and, where appropriate, sharing of code and data under well‑described licences. The audience for the resource spans researchers who need practical steps to comply;research managers who design workflows and training;librarians and repository managers who provide infrastructure;and policymakers seeking to harmonise national strategies. Examples and FAQs translate policy statements into tangible actions, covering preprints, rights retention statements, and the handling of third‑party content. Equity is treated as a cross‑cutting theme: the document encourages zero‑embargo access when feasible, recognises the burden of author‑facing publication charges, and highlights publisher‑agnostic routes such as repositories and community‑owned platforms. It underscores that openness without attention to inclusion can reinforce disparities, and therefore pairs access with capacity building and multilingual communication where possible. Responsible openness features prominently, requiring safeguards for participants and communities, especially when dealing with personal, health, or Indigenous data. The resource endorses governance mechanisms—ethics oversight, data access committees, and secure environments—that balance public value with legitimate protections, while promoting transparency about any restrictions that remain. Implementation relies on clear roles and timelines. Researchers are encouraged to plan for openness at project inception;institutions to provide training and repository services;and funders to underwrite core infrastructure rather than pay‑per‑article charges where avoidable. Publishers are invited to support author rights, interoperability, and machine‑readable licensing and metadata. For practitioners, the value of Policy on Open Access lies in its specificity and coherence: it gathers dispersed rules into one dependable reference, connects them to global norms, and explains how to demonstrate compliance without excessive administrative load.nce without excessive administrative load.)
Policy on Open Access (2017) — NordForsk + (Policy on Open Access (2017), produced by … Policy on Open Access (2017), produced by NordForsk for Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden, sets out practical guidance for open science in the Nordic region. It frames openness as the default—balanced by ethics, privacy, intellectual property, and security—and promotes the principle of being “as open as possible, as closed as necessary.”The policy requires open access to publications via clear compliance routes, Creative Commons licensing, persistent identifiers, and deposition in trusted repositories. It aligns with FAIR data principles, encouraging data management plans that address stewardship, metadata standards, and repository choice. Embargoes are limited and exceptions must be transparently justified.Responsibilities are defined for researchers (plan for openness, acknowledge funding, retain rights), institutions (training, repositories), funders (support core infrastructure), and publishers (enable rights retention, interoperability). Compliance is monitored through reporting, metadata quality, and transparency of outputs rather than volume alone.Equity is central: the policy promotes zero-embargo access where possible, publisher-agnostic routes, and multilingual communication. It also stresses responsible openness, safeguarding personal, health, or Indigenous data through oversight and secure environments.Overall, the policy gathers fragmented rules into one reference, links Nordic practice to global initiatives like Plan S and EOSC, and provides actionable steps for researchers, managers, librarians, and policymakers.s, managers, librarians, and policymakers.)
Política Nacional de Ciencia Abierta 2022- 2031 (2022), Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación + (Política Nacional de Ciencia Abierta 2022‑ … Política Nacional de Ciencia Abierta 2022‑2031 (2022) is a national resource produced by the Colombian Ministry of Science, Technology, and Innovation, written in Spanish, and intended for stakeholders in Colombia. It provides comprehensive guidance on open science and open access, translating high-level principles into actionable steps for researchers, institutions, funders, and publishers. The document positions openness as the default, tempered by ethics, privacy, intellectual property, and security, promoting “as open as possible, as closed as necessary.” It emphasizes the link between openness, research quality, reproducibility, rapid knowledge translation, and equitable access, particularly for communities with limited subscription access. Key elements include open access to publications, preferred licensing like Creative Commons, persistent identifiers, deposition in trusted repositories, and adherence to FAIR data principles through detailed data management plans. Operational guidance covers author and institutional responsibilities, funding acknowledgment, rights retention, budgeting, and justified embargoes or exceptions. The policy highlights enabling infrastructure, monitoring mechanisms, and governance for responsible openness. For practitioners, it consolidates national rules, aligns Colombian practice with international norms, reduces ambiguity, and provides practical steps to enhance transparency, reproducibility, and equitable access. Published in 2022, it is a credible reference for policy, training, and grant documentation.policy, training, and grant documentation.)
Post-publication peer review + (Post publication peer review (PPPR) is a t … Post publication peer review (PPPR) is a type of peer review where, unlike in the traditional peer review system, the review is done after the manuscript has been published. In post publication peer review, anyone can participate in the assessment of an article and suggest changes for improvement.ticle and suggest changes for improvement.)
Pratiquer une recherche intègre et responsable - Conducting Ethical and Responsible Research – Guidelines (2017), CNRS Ethics Committee (62. ChatGPT translated French Code, p. 1) + (Pratiquer une recherche intègre et respons … Pratiquer une recherche intègre et responsable - Conducting Ethical and Responsible Research – Guidelines (2017) is a national framework authored by CNRS Ethics Committee (62. ChatGPT translated French Code, p. 1), in french, targeting nan. Originating from France, it aims to formalise principles of research integrity and open practice. It emphasises honesty, accountability, professional courtesy, and stewardship of resources, linking these values to reproducibility, credibility, and societal trust in research. The text covers responsibilities of researchers, institutions, funders, and journals, spelling out expectations for good practice in planning, conducting, publishing, and reviewing research. Common provisions include clear authorship criteria, proper citation and acknowledgement, management of conflicts of interest, transparency of methods and data, responsible supervision, and fair peer review. It also establishes procedures for handling breaches of integrity, defining misconduct, and setting up investigation mechanisms that ensure due process, proportional sanctions, and learning opportunities. By aligning with international standards, it connects local policy to global norms, reinforcing mobility of researchers and comparability of practices across borders. The document integrates the principle of education—training for students and staff on responsible conduct—ensuring that integrity is taught as a core skill rather than assumed knowledge. It also incorporates guidance on emerging issues such as data management, digital tools, open science, and new forms of dissemination, embedding integrity in contemporary workflows. Practical tools often include checklists, codes of behaviour, reporting templates, and FAQs, translating high-level principles into day-to-day actions. The intended audience spans researchers, supervisors, institutions, and policymakers, all of whom need clarity on their roles in safeguarding the credibility of research. Equity and diversity appear as cross-cutting themes, recognising that integrity involves creating inclusive environments free from discrimination, harassment, or exploitation. Overall, the resource situates research integrity as both a personal commitment and an institutional responsibility, embedding it into the full research cycle from design to dissemination. Annexes may provide case studies, historical context, and references to international declarations such as Singapore or Montreal statements. Definitions and glossaries support consistent interpretation, and contact points or ombudsperson systems are described to lower barriers to reporting. These features help the resource serve not only as a policy but also as a practical handbook.a policy but also as a practical handbook.)
Precision medicine – future? + (Precision medicine, or personalized medici … Precision medicine, or personalized medicine, aims to prevent, diagnose, and treat the patient, taking into account their genetic and clinical picture. At the very heart of precision medicine is genetic testing as a diagnostic tool. The analysis of genome variants enables the detection of hereditary predispositions to diseases such as breast and colon cancer. In addition to oncology, precision medicine can also be used to treat rare diseases, various neurological conditions, and cardiovascular diseases.(1)onditions, and cardiovascular diseases.(1))
Predatory publishing + (Predatory publishing, also called deceptiv … Predatory publishing, also called deceptive publishing, is a kind of academic publishing more geared toward making money than generating high quality publications.Predatory journals have proliferated since the early 2000s. They typically apply a pay to publish model, work with an open access platform, and economize on editorial and peer review services .'"`UNIQ--ref-00000000-QINU`"' As a result, they tend to promise a very swift review process and fast publication. One way to check for predatory publishing is checking whether the publisher is a member of a recognized professional organization committed to best publishing practices (like COPE or EASE). '"`UNIQ--references-00000001-QINU`"'SE). '"`UNIQ--references-00000001-QINU`"')
Preprint servers + (Preprint servers are open access online ar … Preprint servers are open access online archives or repositories that contain research papers before their peer review and publication.'"`UNIQ--ref-00000000-QINU`"''"`UNIQ--ref-00000001-QINU`"' Their main aim is to accelerate dissemination process of research findings and enhance their visibility.'"`UNIQ--references-00000002-QINU`"'lity. '"`UNIQ--references-00000002-QINU`"')
Preregistration of animal study protocols + (Preregistration is the act of registering … Preregistration is the act of registering research protocols before conducting the experiments. It enables to state in advance the type of study (exploratory or confirmatory), hypotheses, methodological design and statistical plan that are going to be used.Preregistration of animal studies belongs to the Open Science movement and enables a comprehensive overview of all (registered) studies, including those that might otherwise remain unpublished. Therefore, it promotes transparency and research rigour. Although this process is rather common in clinical research, it is not yet standard practice in the preclinical field. According to recent reviews, initiatives are present to promote preregistration of animal studies, but the uptake remains slow [1][1] Baker M. Animal registries aim to reduce bias. Nature. 2019;573(7773):297-8, doi:10.1038/d41586-019-02676-43):297-8, doi:10.1038/d41586-019-02676-4)
Mental health in academia + (Pressures to excel, obtain grants and fund … Pressures to excel, obtain grants and funding and publish in prestigious journals can take its toll on even the most resilient academics. Concerns about mental health in the academic community have increased in the last couple of years, particularly those concerns regarding the mental health of doctoral students and early-career researchers.ral students and early-career researchers.)
Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct + (Principles and standards to guide psycholo … Principles and standards to guide psychologists to an ethical course of action and good professional conduct. Such ethical stnadards consist on enforceable rules to guide the conduct of psychologists and cover a variety of areas: clinical psychology, counseling, school practice of psychology, research, teaching, public service, forensic activities, among others.ervice, forensic activities, among others.)
Privacy in research + (Privacy is considered an important human r … Privacy is considered an important human right, and according to the European Convention on Human Rights “everybody has the right to respect for his private and family life and his correspondence”. '"`UNIQ--ref-00000000-QINU`"' Within research settings privacy has become increasingly important. Privacy concerns protection of identity, in the form of data protection, bodily materials, sealed health records and protection of other sensitive (research) data.'"`UNIQ--references-00000001-QINU`"'data. '"`UNIQ--references-00000001-QINU`"')
NTU (Nanyang Technological University) Responding to Allegations/Complaints of Research Misconduct + (Procedure for handling of Allegation/ Complaints of possible misconduct in research, received by NTU)