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Enhancing Understanding of Science Through Science Clubs (policy brief) + (This brief is important because it address … This brief is important because it addresses the gap in scientific literacy and trust factors that are crucial for informed public debate and democratic decision-making. By recommending Science Clubs, it offers a practical, community-driven model to engage people of all ages with science in meaningful ways, beyond formal schooling. These clubs can help cultivate curiosity, critical thinking, and a deeper understanding of scientific processes, thereby empowering citizens to participate more confidently in science-related social and policy issues. Strengthening scientific understanding supports both individual empowerment and healthier democratic societies.erment and healthier democratic societies.)
Supporting Health Data Cooperatives in Europe (Policy brief) + (This brief is important because it identif … This brief is important because it identifies practical, actionable measures needed to sustain citizen science efforts that go beyond short-term projects. Long-lasting Citizen Observatories can provide continuously updated, locally relevant data that strengthens environmental decision-making and democratic engagement. By focusing on inclusivity, clarity in data practices, and ethical safeguards, the brief helps ensure that COs remain trustworthy, accessible, and impactful for both participants and policymakers. Strengthening COs contributes to scientific literacy, community empowerment, and evidence-informed governance across Europe.vidence-informed governance across Europe.)
Ensuring Long Term Functioning of Citizen Observatories (policy brief) + (This brief is important because it provide … This brief is important because it provides practical guidance on sustaining Citizen Observatories, which are key mechanisms for embedding citizen science into democratic and environmental governance. Ensuring long-term functioning helps these initiatives continue beyond short-term projects allowing communities to generate reliable data that can influence local policy and improve science-policy links. By focusing on inclusivity, training, open access, and ethics, the recommendations help make COs trustworthy, impactful, and resilient, increasing their potential to contribute to scientific literacy, community empowerment, and evidence-based decision-making.rment, and evidence-based decision-making.)
Technology Availability and Digital Literacy (policy brief) + (This brief is important because it undersc … This brief is important because it underscores that technology access and digital literacy are prerequisites for inclusive citizen science and democratic engagement. Without addressing these factors, many people may be excluded from participation simply because they lack devices, connectivity, or the skills to use digital tools confidently. Improving digital literacy empowers individuals to participate actively in data-driven initiatives, strengthens science-community interactions, and helps democratise science. By emphasising both availability of technology and skill development, the recommendations support equitable engagement, reduce digital divides, and enhance the societal impact of citizen science and deliberative governance efforts.ience and deliberative governance efforts.)
Promoting Integrity as an Integral Dimension of Excellence in Research (Policy brief) + (This brief matters because it addresses th … This brief matters because it addresses the persistent gap between integrity policies (written rules) and how research is actually conducted. By insisting that integrity be integral to how research is organised, governed, evaluated, and rewarded, it helps reduce hypocrisy, confusion, and perverse incentives. Embedding integrity at institutional and systemic levels makes research more trustworthy, robust, and aligned with public expectations. Moreover, clarifying concepts and procedures reduces ambiguity and legal risk, supporting fair, transparent, and consistent integrity governance across institutions and nations.overnance across institutions and nations.)
Not asking permission from contributors for the wording of the acknowledgement + (This can create wrong impressions with respect to contributions, intentions, and influences with respect to a contribution. Hence, it can mislead the reader.)
How I Was Nearly Duped into 'Authoring' a Fake Paper + (This case clearly demonstrates how researc … This case clearly demonstrates how researchers could be drawn into questionable practices involving commercial parties, and provides best practices for dealing with these situations. Professor Aspenberg is not embarrased to admit that he was nearly commiting a questionable practice and speaks out so that others would not repeat his mistake.'"`UNIQ--references-00000091-QINU`"'take. '"`UNIQ--references-00000091-QINU`"')
An author realized a paper had plagiarized his thesis. It took the journal four years to retract it. + (This case demonstrates that even famous journals might publish plagiarised material. It also shows that sometimes it might take years before a flawed article is retracted.)
Misconduct Ruling is Silent on Intent + (This case demonstrates that it sometimes c … This case demonstrates that it sometimes can be difficult to distinguish scientific misconduct from scientific errors. It shows that the definition of misconduct can be interpreted in different ways and it shows the importance of education of scientist to prevent ‘unintentional scientific misconduct’ and improve research integrity.isconduct’ and improve research integrity.)
From Case Management to Prevention of Scientific Dishonesty in Denmark + (This case highlights the importance of inv … This case highlights the importance of involving diverse actors in misconduct investigations. The article explains that it was considered important to represent a broad spectrum of health sciences on the committee because decisions on honesty/dishonesty due to their inherently inexact and judgmental nature must reflect the general culture of the research environment.'"`UNIQ--ref-000000D9-QINU`"''"`UNIQ--references-000000DA-QINU`"'NU`"' '"`UNIQ--references-000000DA-QINU`"')
Seven Ways to Plagiarise: The Duplicate Publication + (This case is another reminder of the many … This case is another reminder of the many different formats plagiarism can take. It also demonstrates that not every single case that appears to be plagiarism is actually a research misconduct practice. The case explores the fine lines among practices such as ‘quoting oneself’, ‘duplicate submission/publication’, ‘plagiarism’, ‘deviation from accepted practices’, ‘reprints’, and when such practices are acceptable or not.when such practices are acceptable or not.)
A Letter of Resignation + (This case is one of several examples - presented in this blog site - on how sexual misconduct can violate the ECCRI's principles and good practices in work spaces of academia.)
Duty to Report Ethical Violations of Others + (This case raises the question of when does … This case raises the question of when does one act with integrity in research? And where does one’s responsibility lie when it comes to research violations performed by others? It is also a firm reminder of the different power dynamics and positions held in an institution when it comes to reporting misconduct or, as in this case, whistleblowing.nduct or, as in this case, whistleblowing.)
Philosopher Earns 14th Retraction for Plagiarism + (This case shows an example of how the research organisations could address research misconduct cases and how journals address these cases.)
Case Study: Beginning a Collaboration + (This case study can help researchers identify practical issues and challenges they might come across in collaborations.)
European Geosciences Union (EGU) Code of Conduct + (This code of conduct aims to promote ethical integrity and an inclusive, constructive and positive approach to science by outlining the expected and required behaviour of members and participants of EGU activities.)
European Nuclear Society (ENS) Ethical Charter + (This code of conduct details the core ethical standards that apply to professionals from industry, the academic world, research centres and authorities in the field of nuclear science.)
European Consortium for Political Research (ECPR) Code of Conduct + (This code of conduct explicitly defines appropriate conduct for members and affiliates of the ECPR.)
European Astronomical Society (EAS) Ethics Statement and Guidelines for Good Practice + (This code of conduct lays out ethical standards for the behaviour of those affiliated with the EAS, and astronomers in Europe more generally.)
Federation of European Pharmacological Societies (EPHAR) Ethical Code of Conduct + (This code of conduct lays out general principles that those pariticipating in EPHAR activities must abide by.)
European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) Code of Ethics + (This code of conduct lays out the ways in which those affiliated with the EAACI should behave in order to support the broader goals of the society.)
European Association of Archaeologists (EAA) Code of Practice + (This code of conduct outlines standards of conduct for members of the EAA to follow in fulfilling their responsibilities, both to the community and to their professional colleagues.)
European Association of Archaeologists (EAA) Principles of Conduct for Archaeologists involved in Contract Archaeological Work + (This code of conduct outlines standards of conduct for archaeologists involved in contract work in Europe.)
European Association of Archaeologists (EAA) Code of Practice for Fieldwork Training + (This code of conduct outlines standards of conduct for fieldwork training for archaeologists in Europe.)
European Mathematical Society (EMS) Code of Practice + (This code of conduct outlines the reposnsibilities of mathematicians, as well as all who are concerned with the publication, dissemination, and assessment of mathematical research in Europe.)

Case Studies For Small Group Discussion + (This collection of cases is useful for organizing group discussions.)

List of online available training options for members of research integrity offices (RIOs) + (This compilation is important because it p … This compilation is important because it provides RIOs with reliable, accessible, and practical tools to strengthen their capacity to support integrity across the research process. High-quality training helps research integrity officers make informed decisions, handle allegations consistently, and advise researchers effectively. With growing expectations for transparency, accountability, and responsible research conduct, institutions need well-trained integrity professionals who can manage complex cases and promote a culture of good practice. By gathering diverse, vetted training options in one place, the document reduces institutional barriers, promotes harmonisation across Europe, and supports the development of robust research integrity systems.ment of robust research integrity systems.)
List of online available training options for members of research ethics committees (RECs) + (This compilation is important because it s … This compilation is important because it strengthens the '''competence, consistency, and professionalism''' of Research Ethics Committees (RECs). High-quality ethical review is essential to protect research participants, ensure scientific integrity, and uphold public trust. By providing accessible and structured online training options, the document helps both new and experienced REC members build knowledge on ethical principles, regulations, and practical decision-making. It also supports harmonisation across institutions and countries, reducing variability in ethics review processes. Ultimately, these resources enable RECs to make better-informed evaluations, address emerging ethical challenges, and contribute to responsible, transparent, and ethically sound research practices.t, and ethically sound research practices.)
UNDERSTANDING AND ACTING FOR A HEALTHY PLASTIC FREE MEDITERRANEAN SEA, e-learning + (This course is important for a range of st … This course is important for a range of stakeholders: environmental researchers and marine scientists who study pollution and ecosystems; professionals and policymakers in maritime sectors like fisheries, shipping, tourism, aquaculture; NGOs or civil-society actors concerned with ocean conservation; educators and citizen-science advocates seeking to raise awareness about plastic pollution; and anyone involved in blue-economy development, circular economy, or sustainable marine resource management especially in Mediterranean countries.nt especially in Mediterranean countries.)
Declaration of Geneva + (This declaration serves as an adaptation o … This declaration serves as an adaptation of the Hippocratic Oath to modern medicine. The declaration is a core document for medical ethics and, in many countries, it is even part of the medical profession code. The Biomedical Alliance in Europe and the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology endorse the Declaration of Geneva in their codes of conduct and ethics, respectively.codes of conduct and ethics, respectively.)
Enhancing EU law on climate engineering, neurotechnologies, and digital extended reality (policy brief) + (This deliverable is important because it t … This deliverable is important because it translates legal analysis into practical policy recommendations that help the EU prepare for and govern emerging technologies with significant societal, ethical, and environmental implications. By identifying gaps in current law and proposing enhancements, the briefs support policymakers in crafting more robust, rights-protecting regulations that can better address issues like privacy, autonomy, sustainability, safety, and democratic values. This proactive approach to legal framework development helps prevent harm, promote innovation responsibly, and ensure that new technologies are deployed in ways that uphold fundamental rights and EU ethical standards.ndamental rights and EU ethical standards.)
Good-Practice Guide for Scientific-Academic Publishing (CSIC, Spain) + (This document contains principles relating … This document contains principles relating to both authorship and editorial reviews. Besides explaining the underlying principles such as impartiality, confidentiality and honesty, it also provides practical guidance on how to conduct reviews, communicating acceptance and rejection, paper retractions and withdrawals, etc. It also sets down principles for acknowledging authors and contributors.or acknowledging authors and contributors.)
Italian National Research Center Guidelines for Integrity in Research + (This document describes the research integrity framework for National Research Center institutes.)
Working with Research Integrity - Guidance for Research Performing Organisations: The Bonn PRINTEGER Statement + (This document emphasises that responsibili … This document emphasises that responsibility for ethical research lies with everyone who is active in research, but especially with leaders in research performing organisations. Researchers’ morals alone cannot ensure research integrity; good conditions for exercising integrity must also be created at the level of the organisation and the research system. the organisation and the research system.)
The Swiss National Science Foundation and National Research Council's Regulations on scientific misconduct + (This document gives a concise overview of … This document gives a concise overview of what constitutes scientific misconduct with regard to grant applications, the prerequisites for misconduct proceedings, and the proceedings themselves. It elaborates on the duties of the research institution in case misconduct proceedings need to be initiated, and specifies when the SNCF will step in. and specifies when the SNCF will step in.)
UKRIO's Good practice in internet-mediated research + (This document highlights some of the key e … This document highlights some of the key ethical and regulatory issues in internet research, such as personal data protection, maintaining confidentiality and what constitutes informed consent. While it does not aim to be prescriptive, it intend to encourage further debate and exploration of these challenging areas.nd exploration of these challenging areas.)
The German Council of Science and Humanities ' Recommendations on Academic Integrity + (This document identifies makes recommendations concerning the following areas: enabling academic integrity, publication process, dealing with disputes, evaluations and assessment and responsibilities of various stakeholders.)
A Data Governance Framework for Ethnography + (This document is a guide for regulatory co … This document is a guide for regulatory compliance in ethnography. Ethnography is a pillar of social-scientific research, and it is important to provide stakeholders with guidelines on how ethnographic research complies with current regulations. As a result, this document can help stakeholders to create their own data regulation plans and instruct them on the ethical compliance of ethnographic research.hical compliance of ethnographic research.)
Irish National Forum on Research Integrity's Position Paper on Research Integrity Officer Role & Reporting + (This document is important for RIOs and research institutions, as it describes the extent and limits of the RIO's responsibilities.)
Code of Good Scientific Practices of the Spanish National Research Council (CSIS) + (This document lays down prerequisites that … This document lays down prerequisites that need to be upheld by all researchers and research institutions that are supported by the CSIC. It is divided into 4 domains: principles of research, the researcher as a science professional, publications and communication and institutional framework. The legal bases for these good conduct practices are included in the Annex.nduct practices are included in the Annex.)
DIAMOND OPEN ACCESS RECOMMENDATIONS AND GUIDELINES FOR INSTITUTIONS, FUNDERS, SPONSORS, DONORS, AND POLICYMAKERS + (This document matters because it helps tra … This document matters because it helps translate high-level open-science principles into practical, actionable guidance that three major stakeholder groups (institutions, funders, policymakers) can use to nurture and sustain an equitable open-access ecosystem. Diamond OA differs from traditional models by avoiding paywalls and fees, making research more accessible globally. However, it faces challenges in funding, infrastructure, and recognition. These recommendations support coordinated efforts to overcome such barriers, encouraging inclusive and transparent scholarly communication that benefits researchers, academic communities, and the public alike. By offering tailored guidelines, the report fosters collaboration, sustainability, and policy alignment across Europe and beyond.policy alignment across Europe and beyond.)
The Norwegian Ministry of Education and Research Consultation paper – Research Ethics in Norway + (This document proposes changes in seven ar … This document proposes changes in seven areas of the Research Ethics Act:- Statutory stipulation of the research ethics responsibility of research institutions -Changes to the system for processing research ethics cases - Institutions' reasoned opinions in research ethics cases - Changes in the Commission's composition and mandate - A clarification of the Research Ethics Act's definition of scientific misconduct - Deferred public access during the processing of ethical issues at an institution - The institutions' prerogative to preserve the anonymity of the reporter to preserve the anonymity of the reporter)
The French CNRS Ethics Committee's Guide to Integrity and Responsibility in Research Practices + (This document, in addition to making refer … This document, in addition to making references to laws and principles, includes sections on most practical issues encountered in research such as research planning and management, data generation and protection, work relations, supervision of students, contracts, intellectual property and preventing misconduct. As such, it is a valuable handbook to all those practicing research in France.o all those practicing research in France.)
Scandalous behaviour at Medical University of Innsbruck + (This editorial highlights that the lack of an official national body responsible for addressing issues of scientific misconduct contributes to an inefficient and disorganised workflow in dealing with cases of misconduct.)
Five cases considered and concluded by the UK's General Medical Council + (This editorial provides information about possible consequences of research misconduct in various medical disciplines in the UK.)
Seven Ways to Plagiarise: The Magazine Surprise + (This factual anonymised case shows that pl … This factual anonymised case shows that plagiarism can come in more than one formats. The case adds to the real-world examples of plagiarism scenarios that research integrity officers may encounter.Examples are useful for recognizing, highlight, and avoiding plagiary.gnizing, highlight, and avoiding plagiary.)
Copy and paste: A slow university investigation into serious accusations of misconduct benefits no one + (This factual case demonstrates that there … This factual case demonstrates that there may be a significant time lapse between the noticing and reporting of a case of plagiarism (or indeed, other research ethics violation) to the appropriate resolution of such cases.The article discusses solutions on shortening the investigation time for allegations in Universities as well as ways to encourage universities sticking to their own misconduct enquiry timelines and policies.misconduct enquiry timelines and policies.)
Dutch psychology fraudster avoids trial + (This factual case shows the magnitude of the penalties that can be issued on some confirmed cases of research ethics violations .)
Disclosing Research Findings + (This fictional case is a firm reminder of … This fictional case is a firm reminder of the plurality of types of conflicts of interest one can come across in their research life. The case is presented alongside questions that provide a starting point for reflection on the dilemmas faced by researchers in relation to their contractual responsibilities as well as moral obligations when working in a team. moral obligations when working in a team.)
Inspiring and Anchoring Trust in Science, Research and Innovation (Policy Brief), 2022 + (This first set of policy briefs is importa … This first set of policy briefs is important because it operationalizes the concept of trust in science by turning abstract ideals like transparency, accountability, and responsiveness into concrete, evidence-informed policy guidance. Through co-creation and stakeholder engagement, the briefs help ensure that science policy is more attuned to societal values and concerns, not just expert agendas. Such alignment is crucial to counter growing skepticism and distrust toward scientific institutions. Furthermore, the recommendations provided can guide decision-makers, funders, and institutions in embedding trust-enhancing practices into research governance. In doing so, the briefs help lay the groundwork for more legitimate, resilient, and socially robust science policy in the future.ially robust science policy in the future.)
Framework to Enhance Research Integrity in Research Collaborations + (This framework matters to researchers in c … This framework matters to researchers in collaborative projects, as it helps clarify shared expectations and responsibilities from the outset. Research institutions and universities benefit by using it to build robust governance and avoid conflicts or misconduct across partners. It is useful for project leaders and administrators responsible for project agreements, ethical oversight, and reporting mechanisms. Funding agencies and research integrity officers can reference it to ensure compliance with best practices and responsible conduct requirements. Finally, it supports journal editors and research evaluators by reinforcing integrity standards that underpin credible, transparent collaborative research outputs.ransparent collaborative research outputs.)